Foreword from the Chairman Human Rights is universal. Rights is an expression of fair claim. The world welcomes and recognizes rights of a human child immediately after his/her birth. So, a child cries after birth for the right to food and care. He/she enters into the world of rights gradually by willingness to move and speak. As the poet Sukanto said, “the child that is born tonight. I have got a news from him that he has got clearance to enter into this earth.” Human rights is universal because rights have an integral relationship with human being’s existance. Human rights got international recognition through the establishment of the United Nations after 2nd World War. Human rights were made specific in 30 articles of Universal Declaration of Human Rights in 1948. In 1978, UN Human Rights Commission prepared a draft policy on the type and functions of this type of institution. Later, the then UN Human Rights Commission and General Assembly approved it. General Assembly called on all member states to establish this type of organisation. The 1st workshop regarding formation of national institution on human rights was held in Paris in 1991. In this workshop “Paris Principal” on role, formation and functions of NHRIs was adopted. Actually, NHRIs is an independent institution that stands by the people, advises government for fulfilling international obligations to promote and protect human rights. Different states of the world have formed NHRIs in their countries for this purpose. Thus, NHRIs are considered as recommending body. Different countries has formed NHRIs through enacting laws or as per constitutional obligation. At present, 120 countries have established NHRIs as watchdog to monitor human rights. If we analyse state policy and discrimination during Pakistan Period targeted against the then East Pakistan since 1947 till 1971, we can understand that the then Foreword from the Chairman | 09