Eighth: Capacity building of criminal justice officials 31. The NIHR has paid attention to training for workers in the field of justice, especially junior lawyers, through setting up a specialized capacity building training program, which dealt with introducing the basic principles of human rights, the Paris Principles related to the status of national human rights institutions, international human rights law, and international humanitarian law. Two specialized lectures were held; the first dealt with the right to enjoy the guarantees of a fair trial, whereas the second lecture addressed the rights and guarantees of the accused, focusing on the status of both rights in international human rights law and national legislation, and reviewing the best functional practices of these two rights. 32. Convinced that the promotion of human rights concepts in the judiciary in the Kingdom is of utmost importance as it is the impregnable fort that protects public rights and freedoms; and in cooperation with the General Secretariat of the Supreme Judicial Council, the NIHR participated in the Council’s program entitled “Future Judges” by setting up a training program targeting a group of candidates for future judicial positions. The program lasted for one full year, during which several workshops were held addressing various topics related to “The basic principles of human rights,” “Searching for information in electronic sources and references related to human rights,” “Reviewing the rights contained in the NIHR’s Initial Annual Report”, “Public Rights and Freedoms in the Constitution of the Kingdom of Bahrain,” “Basic Principles in International Humanitarian Law,” “The Role of Courts in Protecting Civil and Political Rights,” “The Role of Courts in Protecting Economic, Social, and Cultural Rights,” “The concept of criminal justice and human rights,” “Combating the crime of human trafficking,” “Criteria for assessment of punishment and grounds for decisions in light of human rights principles,” and finally “Invoking international human rights conventions before national courts”. 33. In the context of the activating the Memorandum of Understanding concluded between the NIHR and the National Security Agency (NSA), the former held a training program for the members of the NSA to enhance and develop their capabilities in the area of human rights. The training program addressed the following topics: National mechanisms for the promotion and protection of human rights, the Convention against Torture and Other Cruel, Inhuman or Degrading Treatment or Punishment and the optional protocol thereto, and the Human Rights Council, and the Universal Periodic Review mechanism. 34. In partnership with the Royal Police Academy, the NIHR has received batches of Masters and diploma students and trainees who attended specialized training courses in the field of human rights from among the members of the Royal Police Academy, to acquaint the participants with the role played by the NIHR in the field of promoting and protecting human rights, especially its mandate in receiving complaints, providing legal aid, and monitoring the position of human rights, and to provide them with practical skills in this field. 35