8 stipulated in the Constitution and the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights in conjunction with the Criminal Procedure Code. This is to ensure that such discretion is exercised within the framework of the law and in accordance with human rights principles. 2. Opinions on the exercising of freedom of assembly Findings found that political rallies during July - September 2021 that took place during the enforcement of the Emergency Decree 2005 due to the COVID-19 pandemic, mostly rallied to protest against the government. The rallies in 2021 significantly changed where the age of the protesters was visibly younger and expression became more violent. Drastic response measures by the state also added to the changes in the protesters' reaction. The three major forms of rallies during this period can be considered as following: 1) protest march and flash mob gatherings; 2) rally that involves driving cars or motorcycles during protest known as “Car Mob” and “Bike Mob”; and 3) rallies with no clear leadership. Considering that, the political rallies took place during the enforcement of the Emergency Decree that prohibits gathering of persons to prevent and control the spread of COVID-19, which is a limitation on the freedom of peaceful assembly without arms. However, the restriction on freedom of peaceful assembly, without arms should strictly consider acts on a case-by-case basis according to the principle of necessity and proportion. In the case of “Car Mob" and “Bike Mob” activities that demanded for the resignation of the Prime Minister by driving cars or motorcycles along different routes take into consideration the situation and complies with measures to prevent the spread of the coronavirus disease 2019. There was no incident of violence by demonstrators, in a manner, that would endanger the lives and bodies of other people or cause serious damage to property. Violent incident occurred after organizers announced the end of the demonstration or the violence was believed to be caused by the masses who were not directly there to assembly and the organizers also illustrated attempt to stop any act of violence. Protest march and flash mob gatherings are generally non-violent movement who rally to express political demands toward the government. Although, no measures have been put in place to prevent the spread of COVID-19, demonstrators were wearing mask to express intention to prevent the spread of the virus. General Comment No. 37 on the right and freedom of peaceful assembly of the Human Rights Commission, of