The research focused on analysing data collected from a number of sources including: • Preliminary interviews with key stakeholders to develop the research approach • Publicly available government information on relevant policy and programs, including legislation, strategies, plans and frameworks, Reconciliation Action Plans, resource materials, campaigns, research, reviews and evaluations, position statements and grant funding programs, and • Interviews with stakeholders from federal, state/territory and local government, community sector organisations and peak bodies, First Nations and Culturally and Linguistically Diverse (CALD) community experts and academic research specialists. The research analysed and assessed this data against the following framing reference points: • anti-racism • multiculturalism • social cohesion, and • equity, including special measures for Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander peoples, equality, and discrimination, with respect to race, ethnicity, cultural background, and religion. 1.3 Summary of our findings High level key findings from the review of identified publicly available government policies and programs are summarised below. Key Finding 1: Avoiding ‘racism’ Overall, there is a reluctance on the part of government to use the term ‘racism’. Government preference over the past decade for the use of ‘social cohesion’ has weakened approaches to anti-racism work. There is a current lack of a systemic government-led strengths-based, inter-sectional and coordinated approach to addressing racism in Australian society. Key Finding 2: Failure to measure impact Work that is being done is failing to enter public awareness in any meaningful way. Limited or no monitoring and evaluation means there is little or no impact assessment of work already being undertaken, including government funded programs run by community organisations. Key Finding 3: Blaming the victims There remains a focus on victims and/or those communities experiencing racism or racist behaviours to ‘fix the problem’ with little or no focus on the broader community to address the issue. 2