280 Chasing the Wind: Assessing Philippine Democracy, Second Edition charter change, 115; on political activists and journalist killings, 209–210 Random Manuel Audit, 173 Rapid Field Appraisal (11th), 127, 170 “Rebellion” at the Peninsula Hotel (2007), 78 Reafrmist groups, 117 Reform the Armed Forces Movement (RAM), 77 Reforms: grand reforms, 101; incremental forms, 101 Religion, as agent, 240 Rent-seeking, 51 Representation, 84 Representation, Cycle of, 56 Reproductive Health Act, 253 Republic Act 7941, 58–59 Republic of the Philippines. Search under Philippines Reserve Ofcers' Training Corps (ROTC), 236 Resign, Impeach, Oust (R.I.O.), 120 Responsible Parenthood and Reproductive Health Act of 2012 (R. A. 10354), 113. Revilla, Ramon “Bong”, Jr., 94, 186 Right of Reply Act, 221 Right to information, 205, 218–19, 220–22 Rivera, Temario, 169 Rizal, Jose, 237 Road Users Tax fund, 93 Rocamora, Joel, 114 Romulo, Carlos P., President, 144 Ronas, M. C.: “never-ending democratization”, 48 Roque, Harry, Jr. 178 ROTC. See under Reserve Ofcers' Training Corps Rousseau, Jean-Jacques, 4 Roxas, Manuel, 76, 118, 143 Rule of Law, 8–9, 46, 47, 84, 91, 100 “Rule of the people”, 12 “Redemocratization”, 91 S Sakdal Party, 56 San Carlos City (Negros Occidental), 128 Sartori, G., 58 Schmitter, Philippe C., 10, 45, 46: on horizontal accountability, 85; “oblique accountability”, 85; on transition process, 45 School courses, 236, 237 Schumpeter, Joseph, 83: on democracy, 10–12 Secessionist armed struggle, 31 Security Sector Reform Index, 91 “Selectorate theory”, 62–63 Sen, Amartya, 10, 14, 30, 34n1, 83, 95 Senate. Blue Ribbon Committee: on delegative authority, 94–95; expenditure program, 99 Senators: election, 58 Señeres, Christian, 166 Separation of powers, 79, 81, 86–88, 91–92, 101 Sequoia Voting Systems, 159, 160 Short Message Service (SMS), 223 Shue, Vivienne, 65n8 Silent majority, 100 Simons, Barbara, 146 Sin, Jaime Cardinal, 77 Sin Tax Law, 253 Singson, Luis “Chavit”, 120 “Snap elections”, 77 Social media, 6 Social structure, Oligarchic, 48, 49 Social Weather Stations, 27 Socialism: and democracy, 10 Socialist Party, 56 Socialization, 231–34: culture, as agent, 240–41; experience, as agent, 240–41; family, role of, 231, 232–35, 241; Internet, 232, 238; media, 241, 242; National Service Training Program (NSTP) Act, 236; peer group, as agents of, 239–240, 241; Reserve Ofcers' Training Corps (ROTC), 236; school and education, role of, 235–38, 241; social network sites, 232, 238, 239. Search also Political socialization Society: and the state, 50 Socio-economic outcomes: political variables, 60–64 “Soft projects”, 94 Soliman, Corazon, 114 Sovereignty, popular, 4–5 Smartmatic, 147, 149, 154–58, 163, 165, 167–68, 169, 170, 173–74, 190: “digital signatures”, 163, 170; “grants” given to media, 159; “hash code”, 171; “source code review”, 170–71, 178–79 SMS. Search under Short Message Service Social media, 223, 225 Social network sites, 232, 239 Social Weather Stations, 215, 228 State: developmental role, 95; and families, 50 State-building, 48–49 State bureaucracy, 85 State formation, 50–51, 193, 194 State of emergency, Proclamation of, 89 “State in society” framework, 50, 51, 79: approach, 65n8 Stepan, Alfred, 65n5: on consolidated democracy, 84 Stalin, Joseph, 181 Statutory aw (decentralization), 129–31 Student newspapers, 216