The report by the Multicultural Youth Advisory Network (MYAN) on its national consultation with young people on a national anti-racism framework identified that during the pandemic period, these challenges have been heightened. International students faced increased barriers to employment, and income support was not made available to them. This, in addition to the heightened isolation experienced because of the pandemic, and experiences of linguistic racism, have made them vulnerable to exploitation and exacerbated health concerns. People with disability Organisations and service providers described the challenges experienced by First Nations people with disability to the Commission. This included in education contexts, where First Nations people with disability are often required by systems and processes to identify either as Aboriginal and/or Torres Strait Islander, or as a person with disability. The disability sector was experienced by many as very European, with First Nations peoples and those from migrant, refugee and faith-based communities that are negatively racialised, describing experiencing dissonance and discrimination because of a lack of cultural safety in service delivery. On this point, the Commission heard about how frontline workers and interpreters lack knowledge and/or training around trauma informed support, cultural safety, inclusive and respectful language, and the social model of disability. Evidence presented to the Royal Commission into Violence, Abuse, Neglect and Exploitation of People with Disability, outlines the difficulties experienced by First Nations and culturally and linguistically diverse people with disability in accessing services and supports, particularly disability support services and healthcare. These include the barriers described above in relation to migrants and refugees, which can acquire new dimensions when encountered by First Nations or culturally and linguistically diverse people with disability. These range from a lack of accessible information,47 negatively racialised stereotyping that compounds attitudes around disability,48 as well as privacy concerns, particularly around confidential health information. 49 COVID-19 has shown how at-risk culturally and linguistically diverse people with a disability are. — consultation with peak organisation for people with disability, NARF project, May 2021 – April 2022 Consultation participants and those who made submissions emphasised how the pandemic highlighted and exacerbated barriers to services. The Commission was advised about how, during the pandemic, no specific Emergency and Disaster Management Planning was developed and implemented for culturally and linguistically diverse people with disability. Furthermore, the increased presence of the police and military during the pandemic, which adversely impacted people with disability from culturally and linguistically diverse backgrounds, and in particular asylum seekers and newly arrived migrants, was identified as a compounding factor. 50 Troublingly, the pandemic also saw an increased risk of physical abuse and sexual violence for both First Nations women with restrictive long-term health conditions51 and culturally and linguistically diverse women with disability. This was, in addition to an overall decrease in available care, supports and services, partly due to significant numbers of COVID-19 infections among disability support workers.52 National Anti-Racism Framework Scoping Report 2022 | 66