Proportion of Pacific Peoples in industries, Jun 2019 Manufacturing Wholesale & Retail Other Business Services Health Care and Social Assistance Utilities and Construction Transport Warehousing IM &... Public Admin and Safety Education and Training Accommodation & Foeed Services Other Services Financial and insurance Agriculture Forestry Fishing and Mining 0% Pacific Peoples 5% 10% 15% 20% Total All Ethnic Groups FIGURE 9: Proportion of Pacific People in industries, June 201999 We are also aware of workers’ experiences of exploitation, through employers’ threats of deportation and misrepresentation of regulations and worker entitlements.100 Communities have also shared their experiences of unemployment and under-employment with the Commission. Pacific communities in New Zealand have significant experience with unemployment after the early waves of industrial closures resulting from international market change from the 1970s, economic reforms of the 1980s and the post-1987-stockmarket-crash recessions of the early 1990s. Under-employment is recognised as either insufficient work from one job to take care of household financial responsibilities, or as working few hours but wanting to do more. Fono participants highlighted that both unemployment and under-employment makes caring for families and wealth accumulation a considerable challenge. 99 100 28 At the time of writing this Talanoa paper, the full impact of COVID-19 on the economy and labour market was not yet known. Since 2017, the unemployment rate of Pacific peoples has dropped beneath ten percent, which reversed a trend set in the late 1980s. Today the main concentrated groups of Pacific people who are unemployed are: • Pacific Men aged 15-24 – 24.2 percent • Pacific Women aged 15.24 – 20 percent Pacific peoples make considerable contributions to Aotearoa New Zealand’s economy through their participation in the workforce and there is a potential for an even greater contribution in the future. MBIE Pacific Peoples Labour Report June 2019. Community Feedback at Preventing Pacific Worker Exploitation in New Zealand fono, 22 May 2019. Talanoa: Human rights issues for Pacific peoples in Aotearoa New Zealand

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