Komnas HAM, Indonesia, 4th UPR 47 Some of the infrastructure development projects that were subjects of complaints include the Jakarta-Bandung high-speed rail project, the construction of the Mandalika GP Motor Circuit, the sand mining for the Makassar New Port, and the construction of the Bener Dam in Purworejo which is categorized as a national strategic project (PSN). 48 The government is still prioritizing infrastructure development which is included in the National Strategic Project (PSN). Every development project that is included in the PSN category has many privileges, one of which is the ease of licensing, including for land acquisition. 49 Public facilities such as those of health and education were also targeted. It is not rare to have numerous casualties but the actual number is not known because of the lack of information transparency in Papua. 50 In 2021 the Komnas HAM’s Papua Representative Office escorted approximately 100 people back to their hometowns after 3 months and 9 days of being displaced due to the killing of 4 TNI members by KKB in Maybrat, West Papua. 51 Komnas HAM’s Catatan Akhir Tahun 2021 (End of Year Notes 2021), available at: https://www.komnasham.go.id/files/20211228-keterangan-pers-nomor-043-hm-00-$62CTBW.pdf 52 Several human rights defenders who are actively advocating for human rights issues in Papua, such as Veronica Koman, Surya Anta, and the Director of LBH Bali, Ni Kadek Vany, have been charged with treason and incitement. 53 The government has established a Joint Secretariat for Business and Human Rights with the Ministry of Law and Human Rights as the National Focal Point, which is still developing the National Strategy (Stranas) on Business and Human Rights, and has established a National Task Force on Business and Human Rights. There are also ministries/agencies that actively collaborate with CSOs in conducting business and human rights training for stakeholders. 54 Namely health issues due to intentional self-harm and health services required due to assault, sexual violence, and trafficking in persons as regulated in Article 52 of Presidential Regulation Number 82 of 2018 on National Health Insurance, available at: https://www.komnasham.go.id/files/20210129-kajian-penuhan-hak-at-kesehatan$W0G.pdf 55 Throughout 2020 there were 17 public complaints to Komnas HAM regarding the right to health; Hospitals in Indonesia collapsed when coping with the second wave of the COVID-19 pandemic, see: https://www .thejakartapost.com/news/2021/06/25/hospitals-collapse-as-second-wave-engulfs-ri.html. 56 Data on the Distribution of COVID-19 in Indonesia as of 21 February 2022, available at: https://covid19.go.id/peta-sebaran. 57 Komnas HAM, 2021, Tata Kelola Penanggulangan COVID-19 dalam Perspektif HAM (Governance for COVID-19 Management from a Human Rights Perspective), available at: https://www.komnasham.go.id/index.php/publikasi/2020/10/12/109/tata-kelola-penanggulangan- covid-19-inperspective-ham.html 58 Based on data from vaccine.kemkes.go.id, as of March 8, 2022, there is a high level of disparity in dose 2 vaccination administration, for example Jakarta was at 124.4% and Papua at 23.21%. Furthermore, based on LaporCovid19 data (submitted to Komnas HAM on March 4, 2022), public complaints related to reports on vaccine stock and distribution from July-September 2021 reveal a number of vaccine distribution issues in areas outside of Greater Jakarta, where people have difficulty in accessing vaccines due to lack of availability. 59 Development in the remote, outermost and disadvantaged area is a directive from the President in the Nawa Cita (the President’s nine development priorities), available at: https://www.kemdikbud.go.id/main/blog/2018/02/kemendikbud-terus-ingkatkan-jasa-education-di-region-3t 60 The government has also issued a Learning Guidelines during the COVID-19 Pandemic, available at: https://www.kemdikbud.go.id/main/files/download/39d0884df722e13. 61 Regulated in Government Regulation Number 70 of 2019 on the Planning, Implementation, and Evaluation of the Respect for and the Protection and Fulfillment of the Rights of Persons with Disabilities. Furthermore, it is expressed in the Roadmap for Inclusive Education in Indonesia 2019-2024 (Grand Design or Master Plan for the Development of Inclusive Education at the National Level for 2019-2024). 62 Komnas HAM identified a challenge in implementing these instruments, namely schools and teachers still experience difficulty in providing effective learning for persons with disabilities because there is no curriculum adapted for each type of disability. In addition, the implementation of inclusive education, especially inclusive schools, is still minimal. 11