Chapter 2 Investigations on and Remedies of Human Rights Violations and Discrimination Section 1. Overview We carry out investigations on cases of human rights violations and discrimination and seek remedial measures in accordance the NHRCK Act. Subjects of Investigation Subject to the Commission's investigations are national institutions, local governments, schools6), public service-related organizations7), and detention and protection facilities that violate the human rights guaranteed under Articles 10-22 of the Constitution or commit discrimination8) in relation to their operation9) and corporate bodies, organizations, and private persons that commit discrimination. Petitions Investigations are typically initiated upon receiving petitions, which can be filed by victims or third parties aware of the commission of violations or discrimination. To guarantee the right to 6) Schools established in accordance with Article 2 of the Elementary and Secondary Education Act, Article 2 of the Higher Education Act, and other relevant laws and statutes 7) Public service-related organizations under Article 3-2 (1) of the Public Service Ethics Act 8) Discriminatory acts that violate the right to equality pursuant to Subparagraph 3 of Article 2 of the National Human Rights Commission of Korea Act encompass acts of giving preference to, excluding, discriminating against, treating unfavorably, and sexually harassing a certain person regarding employment, the supply and use of goods and services, etc., without justifiable reasons on account of gender, religion, disability, age, social status, place of origin (referring to the place of birth, place of registration, principal place of residence until reaching the age of majority, etc.), country of origin, ethnic origin, physical condition such as appearance, marital status (married, single, separated, divorced, widowed, remarried, married de facto, etc.), pregnancy or childbirth, family type or situation, race, skin color, ideology or political opinion, criminal record with its punishment effect extinguished, sexual orientation, academic background, medical history, etc. 9) Excluding the legislation of the National Assembly and trials in courts and the Constitutional Court 80 Commission's Major Activities