who are suspected to cause a threat to national security, maintenance of order, unification, and foreign policy of the Republic of Korea. The clause defines those individuals subject to a shorter passport validity period than the general public as "individuals who may cause grave undermining of national security, maintenance of order and unification and foreign policy of the Republic of Korea" and such phrases as "security guarantee," "maintenance of order," "gravely undermine unification and foreign policy," and "may cause," which are indeterminate concepts with a high degree of ambiguity. The Commission is of the opinion that it can be subject to arbitrary interpretation and application by the law enforcement authorities in violation of the principle of equality. For these reasons, the Commission delivered its opinion that the addition of the clause should be reconsidered. 6) Opinion on Partial Amendment to the Act on the Performance of Duties by Police Officers On May 13, 2010, the Commission delivered its opinion to the Speaker of the National Assembly on the provisions included in the partial amendment to the Act on the Performance of Duties by Police Officers, which was proposed as the alternative bill by the Public Administration and Security Committee of the National Assembly. The Commission concluded that the provisions of the alternative bill to authorize investigation on personal belongings (Article 3.2) far exceeded the scope of the police, questioning the principle of "Stop and Frisk" as ruled by the U.S. Supreme Court. Thus, there could be concerns raised concerning rampant de facto search and seizure without warrant. In addition, the Commission considered that provisions on vehicle luggage investigation (Article 3.3) could allow police officers to search the interior, trunk and luggage of a car without any restriction and a search warrant, violating the warrant-requirement principle and the right to privacy. The Commission reasoned that the provisions on identity checks (Article 3.2) could cause significant psychological deterrence to freedom of movement of the public, at the same time its impact on preventing crimes remained merely predictional. Chapter 1. Improvement of Laws, Regulations, Policies and Practices 35