from the Government, and her sojourn status becomes unstable if her former Korean husband arbitrarily calls back his guarantee for her. Questions suggested 51. Please provide specific statistical data on the EPS currently in force, particularly focusing on the restrictions on migrant workers’ right to choose workplace, and on the tendencies of the changes in the EPS, along with a detailed explanation on the operation of the EPS and the Government’s views on migrant workers’ establishment of a trade union. 52. Please give a detailed explanation on the Government’s policy measures to remedy human rights violations or discrimination against migrant workers, including foreign seafarers, and to improve working conditions of the migrant workers in construction who are exposed to very poor working conditions and are prone to occupational accidents and protect their life and safety, along with the Government’s views on possible measures for future improvement in relevant institutions. 53. Please provide statistical data on the number of the cases where female marriage immigrants’ applications for extended stay were not approved and the reasons of such disapproval, along with possible measures that the Government may take to protect female marriage immigrants from being disadvantaged in terms of their sojourn status for a reason attributable to their Korean-national spouse. Issue 10: Non-regular Workers and Equal Pay for Work of Equal Value Principle Current status 54. In terms of quality of employment, non-regular work is a very indecent type of employment with a low wage level. As non-regular work is highly represented by young persons, older persons, women, persons with disabilities and foreign workers, it is closely associated with the issue of discrimination in employment. Moreover, a rapidly growing proportion of young workers are employed for non-regular jobs, which points to the likelihood that young persons who fail to get a decent job will end up in poverty in their old age. 55. The Government and the labour community (academia) have different standards for statistical estimation of non-regular work: as in August 2016, the Government estimated the total number of nonregular workers at 6.44 million (32.8%) while the Korea Labour & Society Institute, one of the leading private research institutes on labour issues, estimated the total number at 8.74 million (44.5%). The reason of this difference, despite the fact that both parties use, as a statistical source, the Supplementary Survey of the Survey of Economically Active Population which is directly administered by the Statistics Korea, is because the Government classifies about 2.32 million casual or daily workers under indefinite-term contracts as regular workforce whereas the labour community counts them into non-regular workforce.8 According to a report by the HERI, a group of about 2.32 million workers, who correspond to the gap in statistical figures by the Government and the labour community, are actually placed in worse working conditions than the ones of the workers who are classified as non-regular workforce by the Government: that is, on average, they are paid KRW 1.59 million per month, work 44 hours per week and record a consecutive service duration of merely 2.3 years, and only 20~30% of them are covered by social insurances. Accordingly, it is important 8 Hankyoreh Economy & Society Research Institute (HERI), HERI Highlight, ‘A closer look at the gap in statistical figures of non- regular workers by the Government and the labour community’, 12 January 2017. 13 / 25