people acquired Korean nationality. In 2015, the UN Special Rapporteur on Contemporary Forms of Racism, Racial Discrimination, Xenophobia and Related Intolerance recommended in the report to the Korean government to make efforts to eliminate the practice of requiring the International Marriage Guidance Program when a man of Korean nationality wants to marry a woman from specific country. 101. In addition to the International Marriage Guidance Program, On-site Preliminary Education for Marriage Migrants, which focuses on adaptation to Korean life and the role of women in the family, is conducted in Vietnam, the Philippines, Cambodia and Mongolia throughout the year. 102. However, both the International Marriage Guidance Program and On-site Preliminary Education for Marriage Migrants are composed of courses that do not reflect gender equality when the recognition on gender equality in the family is very important as main causes of conflicts in international marriage families are conflicts between married couple due to patriarchal awareness and gender discriminatory role of women, and physical, verbal and emotional domestic violence. 103. On the other hand, with regards to the system to support international marriage of men in rural area implemented by the enactment of ordinances of some local governments in order to prevent the hollowing-out phenomenon of rural area13, a petition was filed to the Presidential House on 9 May 2017 to “suspend providing subsidies for paid marriages”, and the criticism on human trafficking marriage also started to be raised. 104. As in the system to support international marriage of men in rural area, the perspective of local governments looking at marriage migrant women is also revealed in the name of the departments of local governments responsible for supporting multicultural families. 25 districts of Seoul Metropolitan City use names such as “Maternity Multicultural Team”, “Multicultural Team Promoting Maternity”, and “Maternity Child Team (Multicultural Family Work)” which equal maternity and multiculturalism. 105. Therefore, the government should reflect gender and human rights related 13 When a single man aged 35 and above living in rural area wants to marry foreign women, the local government provides subsidies related to marriage from KRW 3 to 6 million, and currently 40 cities and districts enacted related ordinance to implement the system 23