FOREWORD
LThe 2024 Report of Komnas HAM RI (hereafter also
called the Commission) was prepared as a form of
accountability for the implementation of the Commission’s duties and functions based on the Law
no. 39 of 1999 concerning Human Rights. Article
97 mandates the Commission to submit a report
on the implementation of its functions, duties, and
authority, as well as the condition of human rights
and the cases it handles to the House of Representatives (DPR) and the President of the Republic of
Indonesia with a copy to the Supreme Court. This
report also serves as public accountability which is
in line with the realization of the principles of good
governance, including the principles of transparency, accountability, participation, and evaluation.
In carrying out its duties and functions as a national
human rights institution, the Commission is faced
with two responsibilities. They are (a) implementing its mandate in accordance with national laws
and regulations, universal human rights principles,
and (b) the responsibility to respond to the dynamics of human rights which continue to change,
both in the domestic context, as a result of changes in the global/international context. Therefore,
the Commission always needs the ability to read
and formulate strategic steps to deal with human
rights dynamics within the institutional framework
and the applicable laws and regulations.
In 2023, several domestic or national contexts became the attention of the Commission. One of
them, in 2023, Indonesia began to enter a political
year, in preparation for the implementation of the
General and Regional Elections in 2024. Furthermore, several emerging human rights issues have
received great attention from the public. In Papua,
conflict and violence continue to be the threats
to the fulfillment and protection of human rights,
meanwhile the basic rights of citizens also still require attention, such as health, education, natural
resource and agrarian management issues, as well
as refugee issues.
The year 2023 was also filled with a number of
cases related to agrarian and natural resource conflicts concerning the implementation of development and investment projects. Natural resources
and agrarian issues in several cases are also related
to the emergence of threats to human rights defenders.
The year 2023 provides a new color for resolving cases of the gross human rights violations in
the past by establishing a non-judicial mechanism
through President Joko Widodo’s initiative, of
which the implementation still needs to be continued and strengthened. Critical notes need to be
made on the Judicial mechanism - namely the Human Rights Court, specifically the Cassation Court
for the Paniai Case which has not yet been established.
In relation to these issues, the Commission encourages the strengthening of several human
rights frameworks. In 2023, the Commission issued
a Standard Norms and Regulations (SNP) regarding
citizens’ constitutional rights in elections, as well
as an SNP regarding Business and Human Rights.
The Commission also reiterated the need to use
a human rights framework to address various human rights issues in 2023, including a protection
framework for human rights defenders, freedom of
expression in the digital world, and the rights of
victims of gross human rights violations.
Responding To New Challenges: Respecting, Protection, And Fulfillment Of Human Rights In 2023
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