Australian Human Rights Commission Information for List of Issues on Australia, 29 September 2017 disproportionately impacts the most vulnerable such as Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander women and single parents.69 Issues for consideration in the LOI:  10 Information on consideration of changes to the Cashless Debit Card model to an opt-in welfare income management measure, which is community-led. Immigration and citizenship (CEDAW Article 16) 50. The Commission has concerns about a range of immigration policies which can lead to prolonged family separation, with detrimental impacts on (often vulnerable) women and children. These include: provisions of the Migration Act 1958 (Cth) which permit visa cancellation on broad character grounds, including in cases where people have family links in Australia;70 restrictions on access to family reunion opportunities for some humanitarian entrants;71 immigration detention arrangements which lead to family separation;72 and the practice of transferring people from regional processing countries to Australia for medical treatment without their families.73 51. The Commission is also concerned by recent policy announcements indicating that some groups of asylum seekers will no longer receive government-funded income support and rental assistance.74 The groups affected, which include vulnerable women and children, are likely to be at significant risk of financial hardship. Issues for consideration in the LOI:  Information on measures to prevent family separation resulting from immigration policies.  Information on measures to ensure the welfare of vulnerable women and children seeking asylum who will no longer receive government-funded income support and rental assistance. 11 Women and work (concluding observations paras 38–39 and CEDAW Article 11) 52. There are a range of gender equality gaps in Australia that affect women’s right to work, right to just and favourable conditions of work and right to adequate standard of living for themselves and their family.75 53. The Commission has highlighted issues for women in the workplace, including occupational segregation, the gender pay gap, unpaid caring work, the absence of superannuation from paid parental leave and the gender gap in retirement savings.76 54. Women are still significantly underrepresented in senior leadership positions right across public, private and community sectors, and in parliament, which continues to perpetuate the gender pay gap.77 A survey undertaken by Chief Executive Women found that women hold just 12% of line roles and 30% of 12