Ensure that electrical-discharge weapons are used exclusively in extreme and limited situations, where there is a real and immediate threat to life or risk of serious injury, as a substitute for lethal weapons and by trained law enforcement personnel only Revise the regulations governing the use of such weapons with a view to establishing a high threshold for their use and expressly prohibit their use on children and pregnant women Provide more stringent instructions to law enforcement personnel authorized to use electric-discharge weapons and to strictly monitor and supervise their use through mandatory reporting and reviews Non-refoulement and mandatory immigration detention Ensure full compliance with its obligations under article 3 of the Convention in respect of non-refoulement Ensure that detention should be applied only as a measure of last resort, when determined to be strictly necessary, in a manner proportionate to each individual case and for as short a period as possible 22