Ⅰ. Guaranteeing the Fundamental Human Freedoms: 1. Right to Life and Personal Liberty Ⅰ. Guaranteeing the Fundamental Human Freedoms 1. Right to Life and Personal Liberty A. Human Rights Status 2021 The right to life and personal liberty are the most fundamental and important human rights. Article 3 of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights declares that everyone has the right to life, liberty and security of a person. The UN Human Rights Committee (HRC) expressed that the right to life and personal liberty are very important to individuals and society as a whole as the first actual right protected under the Universal Declaration of Human Rights through its general comment No. 35 on the ‘Liberty and Security of a Person’ in 2014. Moreover, the liberty and security of a person are also important in that they were used as the main methods in impeding the enjoyment of the other rights. The right to life is an absolute right that cannot be given away and is the key right to be protected. The right to life is most important in itself as the right innate to all humans, but it is also a prerequisite to enjoying all other human rights. On the other hand, personal liberty, traditionally, has been the right to be free from personal constraints by the government, and the Korean Constitution stipulates the principle of legality, the principle of due process, the right to remain silent and the right to an attorney as related to personal liberty. Abolitionism, constitutionalism, pacifism and relief efforts by agencies to rid of poverty and diseases are all efforts to protect the right to life and personal liberty. Controversy on the abolition of the death penalty, abortion rights, euthanasia, the 13