2. Physical accessibility:
Education must be within safe physical reach, either by
attendance at some reasonably convenient geographic location (e.g. a neighbourhood
school) or via modern technology (e.g. access to a “distance learning” programme).
3. Economic accessibility: Education must be affordable to all. This dimension is
subject to the differential wording of article 13(2) in relation to primary, secondary
and higher education. Whereas primary education shall be available “free to all”,
States parties are required to progressively introduce free secondary and higher
education.
Accessibility therefore requires the removal of all obstacles (both direct and indirect) to a
student’s participation in education, particularly at the primary school level.
Acceptability
The CESCR has stated that the feature of acceptability means that “the form and substance of
education, including curricula and teaching methods, have to be acceptable (e.g. relevant,
culturally appropriate and of good quality) to students and, in appropriate cases, parents”.89
Education must therefore meet a minimum quality standard and be provided by appropriately
trained and fully resourced teachers. Educational programmes must be learner-centred and
appropriate to the individual student, in particular where that student has special needs,
whether of a permanent or temporary nature.
Further, in order to be acceptable, the content and quality of education must contribute to the
dual aims of education: the development of the individual and the promotion of respect for
human rights. In particular, the Special Rapporteur has recommended that States take the
legal, technical and administrative action necessary to comply with the first phase of the
World Programme for Human Rights Education, and provide high quality education based on
the learning of human rights and their application to life in keeping with the principles of
equality and non-discrimination.90
88
CESCR General Comment No. 13: The right to education E/C.12/1999/10 8 December 1999 at
para 6(b).
89
CESCR General Comment No. 13: The right to education E/C.12/1999/10 8 December 1999 at
para 6(c).
90
Report of the Special Rapporteur on the right to education Girls’ right to education E/CN.4/2006/45
8 February 2006 at para 142.
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