Commission has therefore unhesitatingly intervened on their behalf in the States which are, or have been, subject to such violence, recommending enhanced cornpensation, employment, educational, housing and other facilities as the situation has warranted. The plight of some 350,000 residents of the valley of Kashmir, comprising some 300,000 Hindus and ,50,000Muslims who had.been - compelled to leave their homes and live temporarily in other parts of the country, remains most poignant. Throughout the year, groups of them continued to interact with the Commission, seeking its intervention for a variety of purposes. ~ h e ~ ~ a r n r n i s s ifor o n ,its part, has.interceded on a number of occasions both with the Central and with the state ~ o v e i n m e non t their behalf, but longer term solutions to their problems depend on the evolution of the situation in Jammu & Kashmir where, after a lapse of over six years, the presence of a democratically elected government gives fresh hope. Till such time as they can return to their'homes, however, the Commission must continue to be available to them, to hear their grievances and to be of assistance to the' maximum extent possible. 3.1 9 3.20 India is not,alone in the world as an area that has had to endure terrorism and insurgency. While the particulars of each situation are different, in each circumstance, certain issues that are similar must be faced by the State and by those who must uphold. human rights. The ~overnrnentmust ensure good governance, for only then can it ensure the understanding and support qf the citizenry. It must be clear as to the circumstances in which military aid to civil power will be invoked, and these circumstances should be widely understood and acceptable. The rights and responsibilities of security personnel must be clearly defined and not be subject to policy vacillations or sudden change. But any antiterrorist measures must be, and be seen to be, directed only against them and not Finally, the ~ u l e ' oLaw f must be ..- upheld, and against innocent civilian the parameters within which the State must function, as described earlier in this p rior,t must be strictiy respected. 3.21 In the final analysis, political problems, whether in our country or anywhere else, must essentially be'resolved by political means, and at the core of any lasting solution lies the need to heal the wounds of the past and to move fonvard on the basis of mutual trust and understanding.