Amri Che Mat was born and brought up as a Sunni Muslim. However, he later took interest in Shiaism where the followers hold very contras�ng beliefs from those of the adherents of Sunni Islamic. Amri Che Mat was one of the founders of Perlis Hope, an organisa�on that undertakes to assist the poor and needy in the community regardless of race or religion. However, Perlis Hope was suspected by the then Chief Minister of Perlis, Dato Seri Shahidan Kassim and the Director of Perlis State Islamic Affairs Department (“JAIP’), Dr. Hazman Hassan (IW11 in the Public Inquiry into the disappearance of Amri Che Mat) to be a Shia organisa�on. Further, Amri Che Mat’s home, which is adjacent to the office of Perlis Hope, was inspected by the Mu�i of Perlis, his officers, together with police officers from the Special Branch, Kangar, Perlis. 161. The Panel finds that Pastor Raymond Koh and Amri Che Mat were both individuals targeted by religious authori�es and the Police on allega�ons that they were involved in ma�ers against Islam in Malaysia. (ii) Direct Surveillance 162. The Panel also found that there was direct surveillance on the ac�vi�es carried out by both Pastor Raymond Koh and Amri Che Mat in their respec�ve organisa�ons before their disappearances. 163. Following JAIS’ raid at the Thanksgiving Fundraising Dinner organised by Harapan Komuni�, Susanna tes�fied that Pastor Raymond Koh and his family were o�en stopped and ques�oned by Special Branch officers at immigra�on checkpoints in Johor Bahru and KLIA Airport whenever they returned from Singapore and overseas. Further, the Federal Minister of Islamic Affairs, Jamal Khir Baharom also confirmed that Harapan Komuni� was inves�gated for the alleged prosely�sa�on of Muslims. 164. On the other hand, it is also undisputed that Amri Che Mat was under the close surveillance of the religious authori�es, Special Branch in Kangar, Perlis and the Special Branch in Kuala Lumpur. In or around October 2015, the Mu�i of Perlis, Dato’ Dr. Mohd Asri Zainal (IW10 in the Public Inquiry into the disappearance of Amri Che Mat) (“the Mu�i”) and the officers from the Mu�i’s department inspected Amri Che Mat’s house a�er receiving a number of complaints about his ac�vi�es in rela�on to Shiaism. Following that, the religious authori�es and the police officers from the Special Branch spoke to Amri Che Mat directly and warned him against the propaga�on of his Shia beliefs during the mee�ng on 22 October 2015. 59 PASTOR RAYMOND KOH 160.