Table of Contents Introduction----------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights -------------------------- 5 Article 1 National Self-Determination and Development Protection ------- 5 The Peoples’ Right to Self-determination--------------------------------------- 5 The Advancement of Indigenous Peoples--------------------------------------- 6 Pingpu Indigenous Peoples Identity Movement ------------------------------- 8 Article 2 and Article 3, Protection of All Rights to Equality ------------------ 9 Article 6 The Right to Life ----------------------------------------------------------10 Death Penalty --------------------------------------------------------------------- 10 Prisoners Sentenced to Death Seeking Pardon or Commutation----------- 11 Prevention of Excessive Police Force ----------------------------------------- 12 Article 7 Prohibition of Torture ----------------------------------------------------13 Torture ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- 13 Corporal Punishment ------------------------------------------------------------ 14 Article 8 Protections Against Slavery ---------------------------------------------15 Prevention of Human Trafficking and Labor Exploitation ----------------- 15 Article 9 Freedom of the Person ---------------------------------------------------17 Personal Freedom ---------------------------------------------------------------- 17 Detention and Custody ---------------------------------------------------------- 19 Rehabilitation Treatment Under Observation -------------------------------- 19 Compulsory Labor as Judicial Punishment ----------------------------------- 20 Juvenile Protection Cases ------------------------------------------------------- 21 Article 10 Reasonable Treatment during Imprisonment ---------------------23 Treatment Appropriate to Human Dignity ------------------------------------ 23 Reasonable Treatment of Detainees Denied Visitation/Communication While Awaiting Trial------------------------------------------------------------- 24 Avoidance of Solitary Confinement and Related Inhumane Conditions -- 25 The Need for Separate Confinement of Juveniles and Adults -------------- 25 Treatment of Juveniles ---------------------------------------------------------- 27 Treatment of Persons with Mental and Physical Disabilities --------------- 32 Prison Labor ---------------------------------------------------------------------- 33 Education Continuing in Correctional Institutions -------------------------- 34 Healthcare and Medicine -------------------------------------------------------- 36 Aging of Prisoners --------------------------------------------------------------- 37 Commutation of Sentence, Parole and Term Mitigation -------------------- 37 Protections for Return to Society ---------------------------------------------- 38 I

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