National Institution for Human Rights – Kingdom of Bahrain
opinion and the right to expression. This was applied to 43 criminal cases pending
before the courts. As a result of this action, several cases were finally settled, and 343
accused persons took advantage of dropping these charges, according to the Report
on Monitoring the Implementation of the Recommendations of the Report of Bahrain
Independent Commission of Inquiry, issued in December 2013.
11. a. With regard to the Recommendation No. 1724 / A, which states as follows:
“Considering the limitation of media censorship and allowing the opposition
greater use of television and radio transmission and printed media. The continued
refusal to grant a sufficiently heard voice to the opposition groups in the national
media poses the risk of increased political and ethnic (racial) polarization and
division”. Recommendation No. 1724 / b, states as follows: “Setting professional
standards for the media and other forms of publications, that include a code of
conduct and a mechanism for implementation, in order to maintain professional
and ethical standards so as to avoid inciting hatred, violence and intolerance,
without prejudice to the internationally protected rights to freedom of expression”.
b. The Government has stated in its reports on following up the implementation of the
recommendations of BICI issued in June 2012 and in December 2013 that it sought
the assistance of a group of media experts as a first step to look into the issue of
media censorship and allow the opposition greater use of the media.
c. The Government further stated that it is preparing a draft new media law that
emphasizes rights and guarantees, including the guarantees of the freedom of the
press, printing, publishing, and audio-visual and electronic media in accordance
with the law, in addition to the right to criticism. The new law will guarantee the
independency of journalists, with no authority over them other than the law in the
performance of their work.
d. The draft law also stipulates that journalists should not be forced to disclose the
sources of their information, and should enjoy the right to access to information,
statistics and news which are permitted to be published from their sources according
the law. Under this draft, journalists are allowed the right to publish the information
obtained from these sources. The Government added that the draft law has not
ignored the prohibition of insulting or assaulting journalists by reason of their
work, and that it regulates the relationship between journalists and the newspapers
in which they work, without prejudice to the compelling orders of the Labor Law
for the Private Sector. In addition, the draft law prohibits dismissing journalists
before notifying the Supreme Authority for Information and Communication of
the dismissal justifications, and provides for developing a general national media
strategy based on the promotion of the common national values, and adopting a fair,
professional, and balanced media policy of towards others’ opinions.
12. Based on NIHR follow-up of Recommendation No. 1724/A, the Institution did not
find practical evidence proving allowing the opposition greater use of television and
radio transmission and printed media, or granting the opposition groups a sufficiently
heard voice in the national media. Despite that the Government indicated that it
has used a group of independent media experts to put this recommendation into
effect, it did not state the findings of the recommendations of these experts. Further,
the Information Affairs Authority did not respond to NIHR letter which included a
number of questions, including how the Authority handled the recommendations of
BICI report which are relevant to its work.
13. In addition, NIHR observed a sample of the prohibited websites and tried to identify
the number of these sites officially registered with the Information Affairs Authority,
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