RESEARCH
as one of the most significant expenses for low-income families.46 Moreover, restrictions
on citizens’ activities and mobility during the COVID-19 pandemic affect the food supply
chain, either of the products or the raw materials. It causes purchasing power and food
availability to become the challenges that arise during the COVID-19 pandemic.47 Therefore,
the government’s role as the authority is becoming pivotal in ensuring food availability
for everyone without exception. In this context, WHO has published the guidelines for
authorities to implement a national food safety surveillance system.48
These two challenges are closely related to Target 2.1, which states a commitment to
“end hunger and ensure access for all people, especially the poor and those in vulnerable
situations, including infants, to safe, nutritious and sufficient food throughout the year.”49
From a human rights perspective, four elements are related to the right to food, namely,
availability, accessibility, adequacy, and sustainability.50
One of the government’s efforts to ensure purchasing power and food availability is to
provide social assistance to the community, either in cash transfers or goods, especially
food products.51 Komnas HAM RI itself has recommended the government to ensure direct
life insurance for all, especially for vulnerable groups, the poor, laborers, independent
workers, and other marginalized groups.”52 Komnas HAM RI, in its recommendation
to the government, also encouraged facilitation and incentives for various community
solidarity movements that support in dealing with the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic.53
In Indonesia, at the beginning of the COVID-19 pandemic, various kinds of community
movements emerged, for example, those who provide free food and protective equipment
for health workers.54 This community initiative has proven to have a very significant role in
reducing the burden of the people who are affected by COVID-19. For example, the Sonjo
movement in Yogyakarta, which is not only engaged in fulfilling food needs but also turned
into a movement that mutually supports the citizens to be resilient in many fields of life.55
46
See: “Profil Kemiskinan di Indonesia Maret 2020”, Badan Pusat Statistik, published on 15 July 2020,
https://www.bps.go.id/pressrelease/2020/07/15/1744/persentase-penduduk-miskin-maret-2020-naikmenjadi-9-78-persen.html.
47
See: “Tantangan dan Tren Pola Konsumsi Masyarakat Indonesia Berubah?”, Pusat Studi Pangan dan Gizi
Universitas Gadjah Mada, published on 6 October 2020, https://cfns.ugm.ac.id/2020/10/06/tantangandan-tren-makanan-di-indonesia-berubah/.
48
“COVID-19 dan Keamanan Pangan: Panduan untuk Otoritas yang Berwenang atas Sistem Pengawasan
Keamanan Pangan Nasional”, World Health Organization, published on 22 April 2020, https://www.who.
int/docs/default-source/searo/indonesia/covid19/covid-19-dan-keamanan-pangan.pdf.
49
“2. Tanpa Kelaparan”, Kementrian Perencanaan Pembangunan Nasional/Bappenas, accessed on 18
February 2021, http://sdgs.bappenas.go.id/tujuan-2/.
50
Kewajiban Negara dalam Hak Atas Pangan, Binadesa.org, published on 11 January 2016, https://
binadesa.org/kewajiban-negara-dalam-hak-atas-pangan/#:~:text=Selanjutnya%2C%20dalam%20
menilai%20realisasi%20Hak,%2C%20dan%20kualitas%20(quality).
51
“Ekonomi Pandemi: Penyaluran Bantuan Sosial ‘Ke Orang Yang Sudah Meninggal’, Skema Kebijakan
Dinilai”, Bbc.com, published on 24 April 2020, https://www.bbc.com/indonesia/indonesia-52399147.
52
Ibid., Tata Kelola Penanggulangan COVID-19 dalam Perspektif HAM (n.6), 3.
53
Ibid., Tata Kelola Penanggulangan COVID-19 dalam Perspektif HAM (n.6), 4.
54
“2020, Tahun Penuh Solidaritas Warga”, Kompas.id, published on 22 December 2020, https://www.
kompas.id/baca/metro/2020/12/22/solidaritas-masyarakat-tetap-kuat-di-2020/.
55
“Sonjo, Upaya Kemanusiaan di Tengah Pandemi COVID-19”, Universitas Gadjah Mada, published
on 4 July 2020, https://www.ugm.ac.id/id/berita/19665-sonjo-upaya-kemanusiaan-di-tengah-pandemicovid-19
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