Four countries in the region have signed, ratified or acceded to the International Convention on the Protection of the Rights ofAll Migrant Workers and Members of their Families: Cambodia (signed 2004),Indonesia (signed 2004), Philippines (signed 1993, ratification 7995), Timor-Leste (accession 2004). Seven in turn have done likewise for the Protocol to Prevent, Suppress and Punish Trafficking in Persons, Especially Women and Children: Cambodia (signed 2001, ratifred 2007),Indonesia (signed 2000), Malaysia (accession 2009), Myanmar (accession 2004), Philippines (signed 2000, ratified 2002) and Thailand (signed 2001). POEA data indicates that while deployments to Asia as a whole have been falling by an average of 3.1%o per year, deployments of landbased OFWs to ASEAN countries have been growing at an average rate of 4.7o/o annualTy over the decade I 999-2008. However this average arurual growth rate in deployments to ASEAN countries is still outpaced by that to the Americas (14.9o/o), Africa (13.0%) and Middle East (9.0%), Europe (8.7%); deployments of seabased OFWs meanwhile grew at an average rate of 3.2o/o per year. In Southeast Asia the main countries recorded as receiving Filipino migrants are Malaysia, Singapore and Brunei. In2007, the latest year for which data is available, these three countries together account for 422,771overseas Filipinos (or 4.8o/o of the total global stock of overseas Filipinos) of which a large proportion or 366,869 are temporary or irregular workers (or 7.3oh of the global stock of such workers). Singapore and then Malaysia have the most international migrants of all nationalities in their territories. The Philippines and Indonesia, on the other hand,- are the biggest exporters of labor in the region with outflows mainly to non-ASEAN destinations. Malaysia has 244,967 Filipinos consisting of 26,002 with permanent status, 90,965 temporary and 128,000 irregular. It also accounts for the second biggest number of Filipinos of irregular status overseas in the world with the 128,000 there constituting 142% of irregular Filipino workers worldwide. Singapore in turn has 156,466 Filipinos consisting of 29,850 permanent, 70,616 temporary and 56,000 irregular. It has the third biggest number of Filipinos of irregular status with the 56,000 there constituting 6.2o/o of such workers worldwide. Brunei has 21,338 Filipinos of whom 50 are permanent, 20,848 are temporary and 440 irregular. It is significant to note that Singapore and Malaysia account for 184,000 or 20.4Yo of estimated irregular overseas Filipinos worldwide. The regional picture is moreover complicated by the situation in Sabah where Migrante estimates that there are perhaps some 500,000 Filipinos of irregular status who are not reflected in any official statistics. The CFO has unfortunately not been able to provide detailed country breakdowns of its stock estimates. However the Indonesian embassy in the Philippines estimates some 7,000 Filipinos working in Indonesia. CFO data records some 1,500-2,000 overwhelmingly temporary/irregular Filipinos in Vietnam n 1997-98 but none have been recorded since. l0