18
in markets. For this purpose, well-functioning distribution, processing and market systems is
essential.49
10.3 Accessibility
Accessibility requires economic and physical access to food to be guaranteed. Economic
accessibility means that food must be affordable. Individuals should be able to afford food for an
adequate diet without compromising on any other basic needs, such as school fees, medicines or
rent.50 For example, the affordability of food can be guaranteed by ensuring that the minimum
wage or social security benefit is sufficient to meet the cost of nutritious food and other basic
needs. On the other hand, socially vulnerable groups such as landless persons and other
particularly impoverished segments of the population may need attention through special
program..51
Physical accessibility implies that adequate food must be accessible to everyone, including
physically vulnerable individuals, such as infants and young children, elderly people, the
physically disabled, the terminally ill and persons with persistent medical problems, including
the mentally ill. Because these group of people face specific hurdles in relation to the right to
food. These can result from biological or socio-economic factors, discrimination and stigma, or,
generally, a combination of these.52 Access to food must also be guaranteed to people in remote
areas and to victims of armed conflicts or natural disasters, as well as to prisoners. Victims of
natural disasters, people living in disaster-prone areas and other specially disadvantaged groups
may need special attention and sometimes priority consideration with respect to accessibility of
food.53
Accessibility to food is especially important for the rural poor. The UN Special Rapporteur on
the Right to Food Jean Zaegler, chronic hunger is predominantly a rural problem, and the “rural
people suffer from hunger because they lack access to resources such as land, do not hold secure
49
Ibid, p. 1
Ibid, p. 2.
51
Fact Sheet 34, p. 3.
52
Fact Sheet 34
53
Ibid.
50