• Invite participants to share their ideas. Each participant gives only ONE idea at a • time. They should begin by acknowledging what others have shared. • Quickly and uncritically write down ideas on a board or flipchart • Do not organize the words in any particular order • Idea can be presented through images, feelings, metaphors, events or people • Remember there are no wrong answers! Nominal Group Method Similar to brainstorming, this method is designed to encourage contribution from each participant and to prevent dominance of certain participants. First, participants were asked to write their opinions as much as they can on a piece of paper or cards. The Opinions is an answer to a question from. Next, participants expressed their opinions and the facilitator arranges it in a list. Participants are encouraged to add the list. Furthermore, facilitator lead discussion to prioritize the most important or important answers. Small Group Discussion One group can consist of three to eight people. The topic that will be discussed can be the same or different. After discussion in the small group, invite participants to discuss the results in large groups. Ask representatives from each group to explain the results of the group discussion. Discussion can then be facilitated in the large group. Give opportunities to those who want to respond and commented. Facilitators need to pay attention and record matters that are considered important for the review material. If needed, the facilitator can use questions to clarify answers. There are several variants of small group discussion: • Pair Discussion: consisting of two to three participants • Carousel: consisting of five to eight participants. After discussion, ask two participants to stay in their place to explain their result to another group who will come to their place. The others group member will go to nearest group and ask or discus their discussion result. After finish visit all group, they must back to their group and give them few minutes to share their experience then start discussion in large group. • World Café: similar to carousel, but this technique requires tables and chairs. Focused Group Discussions Focus group discussion concentrates on a certain issue or field. The participants usually have similar knowledge or experience. Syndicate Group Facilitators divide participants into small groups. Then facilitator gives a general explanation about the problem/issue and the aspect related that problem. The facilitator then asks each group to discuss specific aspect given by the facilitator. If possible, the facilitator provides references. Each group presents the results of their discussion in the plenary session. 14