Since the blended learning programme for facilitators at the end of 2017, AFN facilitators have been developing approaches, tools and techniques that they can bring to their facilitation practice. As a sub-regional group of facilitators said [as paraphrased] Many facilitators doubt applying participatory approaches because they think these methods are too different from instructional methods. Facilitators worry about being underestimated and considered childish or worried about participants who feel disappointed because training was not based on written material provided by the trainer. This problem arises because most of us have formal education and consider formal school as the only way to learn. This group also explained that although a participatory approach was well known among facilitators, only one or two methods were used. A facilitator needs to be able to use multiple approaches, tools and techniques and to decide those that are most appropriate for the context. The following are some of these in no particular order. The AFN community in online APF Learning Community, includes others. This ‘toolkit’ will continue to grow as facilitators contribute to it.8 Demonstrating inequality Remote controller – divide the group into groups of two. Assign the one person as controller and the other as someone who has to obey. For two minutes, the controller has the power to make their partner do whatever they say. After a certain time, swap the roles. Ask participants to reflect on the power dynamic. Limya, Maldives Demonstrating the refugee experience Divide participants into small groups and ask them to draw everything they think makes a great community. After groups have several pictures or ideas on their page, ask them to describe their communities to the other group. One facilitator will then tear their piece of paper up without warning. Continue for the other groups. Ask the groups to reflect on what it felt like to have someone take their community away and relate this to refugees fleeing their communities. Islam, Palestine Fish Bowl The participants are divided into two groups; one smaller group as "inner groups", and other will be “outer group”. Inner group discuss a certain problem certain or practice a certain skill in their group, while outer group act as observer. Mandira, Nepal Ice Breakers9 8 The APF Manual on Human Rights Education (UPDATED 2019) also includes a range of tools and maps these against planning, implementation and evaluating stages of a facilitated activity. It is available at … 9 The tools and techniques above are based from 3 NHRI’s (Indonesia, Malaysia and Thailand) experience when facilitating training. When using these techniques facilitators should consider context, participants background and learning environments. They all involve facilitation when it relates to working face-to-face with participants. 12