program to the public and also make a better coordination among all of the parties
involved in the program (such as hospitals, association of doctors, etc).
Article 12 – The right to physical and mental health
Please provide information on the impact of measures taken to improve access to, and the
quality of, sexual and reproductive health services and maternal health services, particularly
in rural and remote areas.
26.
The current concerns are increasing non-communicable diseases as the number one
cause of death in Indonesia. Data deaths from non-communicable diseases increased
from 41.7% in 1995, to 49.9% in 2001, and 59.5% in 2007. Impotence, disorders of
the fetus and cervical cancer are some non-communicable diseases related to sexual
and reproductive health. Risk factors due to the use of tobacco products, especially
cigarettes pose a threat to public health. This concern is followed by the smoker data
and evidences which the prevalence of female smokers increased threefold in 2011
compared to 2001. Currently estimated that there are over 4.5 million women
smokers in Indonesia and most of them live in rural and come from families with a
low income level.
27.
Even though, Indonesian Law No. 36/2009 on Health has mandated the presence of
sexual and reproductive health services, until now, the government regulation as a
follow up of the law has not been made. Let alone to remote areas, for urban areas
have not yet formally exist. Some types of sexual and reproductive health services
that have been provided are services for family planning (contraception). However,
the services for sexually transmitted diseases in particular have not been there. In
addition, both services were still not reaching adolescence, despite the fact that the
health care law has already been mandated. Furthermore, contraceptive services only
allow for legitimate husband and wife. This certainly does not support the family
planning program itself and also contrary to the Health Act that promises
reproductive health services to everyone, without requiring married or not.
28.
In the absence of sexual and reproductive services are adequate in remote areas as
well as increasing non-communicable diseases, will concern many Indonesian women
who are victims. To that end, in addition to the need for regulations implementing the
technical function, the need for more comprehensive legal instruments such as the
WHO Framework Convention on Tobacco Control (FCTC) in tobacco control efforts
in Indonesia has become a necessity. In this regard, Komnas HAM urged the
Indonesian government to immediately accede to the treaty as an effort to protect the
health of the people of Indonesia-related sexual and reproductive health.
29.
Komnas HAM realize there are insufficient measures taken to ensure access to
adequate mental health treatment and care. One of the major problems is the
unavailability of health and medical service for people with mental health problems at
Komnas HAM-52nd Session of ICESCR – April 2014, page 9