We know about the applicant tracking system, the algorithms are precluding our clients from getting any further. For instance, visa status and foreign sounding names and lack of New Zealand experience on the C.V. (Provider) If you apply for a job and they call you up and say come for an interview, when you come in, they will see your face and say, “Sorry it’s gone, this job”. (Muslim focus group) One tauiwi focus group perceived a preference among employers to hire acquaintances/family and/or friends over migrant candidates. In line with this view, others noted migrant populations were disadvantaged by a lack of social and economic capital – both of which take much time to establish. The employees they took on were not actually the ones who could get work done, it was more like someone's relative, someone's old schoolmates, friends, partners…I was told in New Zealand it's all about two-degree connections. (Chinese focus group) …You've got those connections and history…Someone like me coming into New Zealand, I stand no chance, no matter what my outside credentials are…That's a challenge for new migrants because they've left all that social and economic capital, then they come to New Zealand and we have to build it. So, they are starting 20 years behind. (Provider) Unfair and exploitative employment conditions and roles: Employers taking advantage of migrant workers, delegating responsibilities and tasks that others did not want to do to tauiwi employees and exploiting migrant worker skills and experience to train junior employees for higher promotions. [Migrant] brought in his wage slip and he was doing a 40-hour week and his wage slip didn't add up…He was only being paid every time he actually went out and pumped gas. Of course, he didn't question it. So, there was clearly someone taking advantage of him. (Provider) I work in daycare and with COVID all staff have been too afraid to change diapers and dirty children, they say it’s a health and safety risk. I'm one of the few Pacific staff and I'm changing all the children like 30 of them while the staff don’t…I don’t mind but I know it’s not fair to me. (Pan-Pacific focus group) One person will be attached to us, so I'm going to train him. Then after a couple of weeks, the person I trained he'll become my boss. (Filipino focus group) Unequal remuneration for skilled migrants: Exploiting specialist skills provided by tauiwi employees for lower wages and unequal distribution of resources to tauiwi workforces. We have some people who are highly skilled and end up in low-paying, low-value work…We all know about that disparity. Again, it's that bias that exists in the employment space. The way people value your skills is also discriminatory. (Provider) Qualifications and experience are not recognised if you are a migrant here. [Specialist migrants] are earning about $21-23 an hour, unlike Kiwi-born workers, that are doing a similar job and not as experienced, they are receiving $32 an hour. So that's where the racism is for me. (Filipino focus group) www.malatest-intl.com Drivers of racism – March 2021 51