and settlement providers to maintain resilience and respond to racism are necessary. Findings identified that there are multiple drivers for migrant New Zealanders’ experiences of racism, and multiple responses are required. Social media was particularly noted as a new and contemporary means of uniting and dividing people and a forum to express personal views and opinions, engage in debates and chat forums, and confront others in a virtual sense. Racism used against migrants online and in social media also represent a lack of escape for those who are subjected to it, as it follows them everywhere, including into their homes. Participants identified numerous opportunities to influence change and strengthen cross-government and non-government agency responses to racism in Aotearoa New Zealand: • Honour Te Tiriti o Waitangi: Honour commitments, agreements and partnerships between Māori and the Crown. Address biculturalism to ensure Aotearoa New Zealand is a safe and welcoming country for all multicultural communities. • Representation that reflects a diverse Aotearoa New Zealand: Enhance diverse and inclusive leadership within Parliament and across the public sector. A whole of government response is required to address racism and inequities, informed by strong understandings of cultural differences, strengths, and realities for different population groups. • Expand our knowledge: Enhance learning opportunities for: • o Children and young people: Balanced perspectives on Aotearoa New Zealand history, the importance of equity, and critical thought and consciousness o Migrant groups (recent and established): Rights and entitlements, and increasing understandings about access to support for experiences of racism within communities o General public: Te Tiriti o Waitangi and Aotearoa New Zealand’s migration history, immigration policy and the benefits of migrant populations for Aotearoa and society, critical consciousness and diversity within Aotearoa, and how to support victims of racism. Know yourself – replace judgement with inquiry: o Strengthen identity and personal responsibility: Take personal responsibility within personal spheres of influence, overcome fear and indifference through deepening knowledge and inquiry of self and others, support others to replenish resilience o Form genuine relationships with others: Seek to understand and learn about other cultures from and with people from different www.malatest-intl.com Drivers of racism – March 2021 11