The American Legacy The unresolved land question created agrarian unrest, revolts, insurgencies, and the continuing political and social problem in Mindanao. 2. How did the Philippine military evolve under the colonial rule of the United States? a) The organization of the Macabebe Scouts The US occupation forces were quick to employ the only Filipino armed contingent to remain loyal to the Spanish forces up to the end. The Spanish 72nd Macabebe Regiment was organized by a Spanish haciendero, Col. Eugenio Blanco, who had a farm in Macabebe during the 1896 Revolution. In the Spanish Order of Battle compiled by James Nelson, Regiment No. 72 (the Macabebe Regiment) was assigned to the Visayas with one battalion and headquartered in Manila but was temporarily deployed at that time (1897) in Mindanao.23 Memorial to villainy: The Macabebes were used as mercenaries by the Spaniards and later by the Americans. The remnants of the Macabebe Regiment remained loyal to the Spanish forces up to the end, even when most Filipino soldiers under the Spanish Army had defected to the revolutionary forces. They were immediately employed by the 71