Introduction Artificial Intelligence (AI) has had a profound impact on society across various domains. While AI technologies offer numerous benefits, they also present challenges and raise important ethical considerations. Artificial Intelligence and privacy are two important and interconnected topics that have gained significant attention in recent years. In order to raise living standards, a huge amount of personal information is kept as digital data and used by artificial intelligence systems. On the other hand, artificial intelligence is used to gather, store, process, and profile all personal data, including our fingerprints, travel information, frequent interactions with a certain individual, medical reports, and more. Our entire way of life has been transformed by the Internet revolution, ushering us into the “smart age”. As AI technology becomes more prevalent and sophisticated, it has the potential to impact individual privacy in various ways. “The implementation of AI principles, in particular, would have to strictly adhere to Part III of the Indian Constitution’s anti-discrimination, privacy, freedom of speech and expression, right to peaceful assembly, and freedom of association provisions.”1 Data is intrinsic to Artificial Intelligence, but when personal data is not aptly protected, it can be the antithesis of privacy. Artificial Intelligence: Issues and Challenges Humans are the most complicated beings on earth, and they have brought so many advancements in the field of science and technology to solve their complicity. In today’s digitalised world every individual, in one or the other way, is subject to the use of technology. As innovations in digital technology have enabled previously unimagined forms of collecting, storing and sharing personal data, the right to privacy has evolved to encapsulate State obligations related to the protection of personal data.2 Economic Disruption (Job Displacement): AI has the potential to automate many tasks, leading to increased efficiency and productivity in various industries. However, this can also result in job displacement, especially for tasks that can be easily Automated.3 It creates a need for retraining and upskilling the workforce to adapt to new roles. The widespread implementation of AI and automation may lead to job displacement and unemployment, impacting on the right to work and the right to a standard of living adequate for health and well-being. Economic Impact: AI is expected to bring significant economic growth and innovation. Comments to The Niti Aayog on the Working Document: Towards Responsible #AIForAll, Centre for Communication Governance at National Law University, Delhi (2020), available at <https://ccgdelhi. org/wp-content/uploads/2020/08/CCG-NLU-Comments-to-NITI-Aayog-on-theTowards-ResponsibleAI-for-All-Document.pdf> accessed on 22.07.2023 2 Human Rights Committee general comment No. 16 (1988) on the right to respect of privacy, family, home and correspondence, and protection of honour and reputation (Article 17) 3 Xu, Min; M. David, Jeanne & Hi Kim, Suk. (2018). “The Fourth Industrial Revolution: Opportunities and Challenges,” International Journal of Financial Research, 9. 90. 10.5430/ijfr. v9n2p90 1 84 Journal of the National Human Rights Commission, Vol. 22, 2023