SUHAKAM Report of Public Inquiry into the Incidents During and After the Public Assembly of 28 April 2012 44 ID 17(d): Used tear gas canister 4.8 Superintendent Zahari bin Hj Mohd Yusoff (W23) informed the Panel that the FRU officers also used tear gas hand grenades during the assembly. A total of 58 tear gas hand grenades were discharged on 28 April 2012. According to W23, the police normally used tear gas hand grenades in two situations: for self defence or where the protesters were very close to the police. He also asserted that warnings had to be given each time they fired water cannon and tear gas, in line with the standard operating procedure of the FRU. 4.9 Besides that, the Panel was also shown the complete attire of the FRU on duty at the assembly. All FRU officers wore blue-black uniforms, boots, vests, helmets and were equipped with hand shields. 4.10 The Panel was also briefed on the warning procedure during the assembly. According to ACP Jamaludin, the warning was given through their command vehicle and there were a few officers who brought the sound commander closer to the participants to ensure that the instructions were heard clearly. The warning “bersurai serta-merta atau kami akan bertindak” was given three times before the water cannons were fired. However, W23 mentioned that banners in multi-language were not used during the assembly. 4.11 The Panel also was informed that the barricades used during the assembly consisted of four layers namely barbed wires, water barricades, steel barricades,36 followed by human barricades. According to W23, those barricades were placed at several areas with specific intervals as deemed appropriate. 36 The water and steel barricades belonged to Dewan Bandaraya Kuala Lumpur.