began to live together with the biological father again in January 2018, due to the abuse by the biological mother and the stepfather in November 2017. Later, on April 9~14, 2019, the child told the police that the stepfather had sexually abused her from 2018 until early 2019, asking for personal protection. The police should have secured her safety after acquiring accurate information on her mental condition, the possible recurrence of abuse and the risk from the abuser, but failed to do so. 73. Additionally, as the information on the child victim obtained by the child protection agency which is to protect children from child abuse was not shared with the police, the police underestimated the likelihood and risk of additional abuse to the child victim. Moreover, another problem is that, as an urgent temporary measure which may be taken against a perpetrator of child abuse is applicable only in case the perpetrator is the child’s guardian or de facto guardian, the urgent measure could not be taken against the child victim’s stepfather in the aforementioned case. 74. In this context, in July 2019, the NHRCK recommended the Commissioner General of the Korean National Police Agency to ensure that every child abuse case is reported by the police officer who is in charge of the case to the police officer for child abuse prevention so that all the cases may be thoroughly managed; recommended the Minister of Health and Welfare to improve the practice of sharing information between the police and the child protection agencies by enabling the police officers for child abuse prevention to access information in the national information system on child abuse; and recommended the Minister of Justice to revise the relevant legislation to allow an urgent temporary measure to be taken even against a child’s stepfather or another relative in case child abuse is highly likely to be committed again by them in the same way it would be done by the child’s guardian. 75. The Government should establish an effective system to protect the victims of child abuse crimes, by reinforcing cooperation between the child protection agencies and the police and addressing other legal and institutional insufficiencies. Issue 23. Child abuser and repeated child abuse 76. According to the 2017 National Child Abuse Status Report by the MOHW and the National Child Protection Agency, out of the 22,367 confirmed cases of child abuse in 2017, as many as 17,177 (76.8%) were committed by the child victims' parents (biological or adoptive parents or stepparents). In addition, in 16,669 cases (74.5%), the child abuser and the child victim were living together. In terms of the characteristics found among the child abusers at the time of child abuse investigation, among the 37,791 cases investigated, lack of parenthood and parenting skills took up the largest share with 8,388 cases (22.2%), followed by social or economic stress and isolation in 4,933 cases (13.1%), marital or family conflict in 2,721 cases 19