such as grievance mechanisms and labor inspections. Together, these elements form a comprehensive framework for labor in the fishing industry. The convention explicitly states its applicability to all fishers engaged in commercial fishing operations and all fishing vessels, including those operating on rivers, lakes, or canals, but excludes subsistence and recreational fishing. The provisions of C188 do not distinguish between distant water and coastal fishing or between domestic and foreign fishers— all are protected. However, some scholars argue that Taiwan’s current legal framework already differentiates between three categories: domestic fishers, overseas fishers, and Chinese crew members, and this has been in practice for many years. Immediate changes to this system may be challenging. Each type of fishery has distinct characteristics, and applying a single set of regulations across all types could be impractical. This is similar to how the C188 Convention explicitly applies only to commercial fishing, excluding subsistence and recreational fisheries, highlighting the need for necessary distinctions in implementation due to the unique nature of fishing operations.81 Lin, Liang-Jung, Kao, Shih-Ming, & Hsu, Hui-Yen. (2022, May). Research on the Domestic Implementation of the ILO Work in Fishing Convention (C188) (pp. 332–333). Commissioned by the Ministry of Labor, National Chengchi University. 81 90