Table 6
Specific Rights Violated
Right to protection and special assistance of children
Right to housing
Right to equal access to public service
Right to own property
Right to equal rights/ responsibilities as to marriage
Right to the continuous improvement of living condition
Right to appropriate health care and services
Right to adequate standards of living
Right to work under safe and healthy working conditions
Right to receive fair wages and equal remuneration
Right to enjoyment of the highest attainable standard of physical and mental health
Right to pursue their economic development
Right to freely dispose of their natural wealth
Accessibility (non-discrimination, physical, economic, information)
Right to work and employment opportunities
Right to pursue their cultural development
Right to social security and insurance
Right to pursue their social development
Improvement of all aspects of environmental and industrial hygiene
Right to work and employment opportunities
Right to form and join trade unions (to include not to join unions)
Right to rest and recreation
Right to access to education
Right to benefit his/her authorship of scientific, literary, intellectual and artistic works
Right to adequate food/water
Total
43
18
13
13
11
11
9
6
5
4
4
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
158
IV. Number of Alleged Extra-Judicial Killing (EJK), Enforced Disappearance
(ED), and Torture Cases and Victims
Numerous systematic human rights violations have not abated during the year. The
attacks targeted activists opposing unconstitutional government policies and even ordinary
civilians expressing critical opinion on issues wherein government response is deemed
questionable. At the start of his term, the President had declared an all-out campaign against
perceived enemies of the state so that the clampdown was directed against dissenters and
implemented in the context of the government’s security operation against elements belonging
to the insurgency movement and its supporters. The most notorious phenomenon of human
rights abuse has been extra-judicial killings carried out usually under the premise of fighting
drug-related activities in the country. The state cracked down on drug-related operations but
has unfortunately escalated into a killing rampage where only street-level peddlers were the
casualties. Technically, the EJKs were conducted outside of the legal system’s due process and
are thus not considered judicial executions neither capital punishment. Despite growing
reactions not only in the country but from international human rights agencies upholding
international human rights laws, cases of extra-judicial killings, also known as EJK, together
with enforced disappearances (ED), and torture continued to be part of the landscape of
human rights violations. From the time when the number of recorded cases began to rise in
2016, the trends have not shown a meaningful drop. By 2021, the CHR tallied a total number
of 195 EJK cases; this included 214 victims, 12 EDs, with 14 victims, and 35 cases of torture
with 52 victims.
12