Table 6 Specific Rights Violated Right to protection and special assistance of children Right to housing Right to equal access to public service Right to own property Right to equal rights/ responsibilities as to marriage Right to the continuous improvement of living condition Right to appropriate health care and services Right to adequate standards of living Right to work under safe and healthy working conditions Right to receive fair wages and equal remuneration Right to enjoyment of the highest attainable standard of physical and mental health Right to pursue their economic development Right to freely dispose of their natural wealth Accessibility (non-discrimination, physical, economic, information) Right to work and employment opportunities Right to pursue their cultural development Right to social security and insurance Right to pursue their social development Improvement of all aspects of environmental and industrial hygiene Right to work and employment opportunities Right to form and join trade unions (to include not to join unions) Right to rest and recreation Right to access to education Right to benefit his/her authorship of scientific, literary, intellectual and artistic works Right to adequate food/water Total 43 18 13 13 11 11 9 6 5 4 4 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 158 IV. Number of Alleged Extra-Judicial Killing (EJK), Enforced Disappearance (ED), and Torture Cases and Victims Numerous systematic human rights violations have not abated during the year. The attacks targeted activists opposing unconstitutional government policies and even ordinary civilians expressing critical opinion on issues wherein government response is deemed questionable. At the start of his term, the President had declared an all-out campaign against perceived enemies of the state so that the clampdown was directed against dissenters and implemented in the context of the government’s security operation against elements belonging to the insurgency movement and its supporters. The most notorious phenomenon of human rights abuse has been extra-judicial killings carried out usually under the premise of fighting drug-related activities in the country. The state cracked down on drug-related operations but has unfortunately escalated into a killing rampage where only street-level peddlers were the casualties. Technically, the EJKs were conducted outside of the legal system’s due process and are thus not considered judicial executions neither capital punishment. Despite growing reactions not only in the country but from international human rights agencies upholding international human rights laws, cases of extra-judicial killings, also known as EJK, together with enforced disappearances (ED), and torture continued to be part of the landscape of human rights violations. From the time when the number of recorded cases began to rise in 2016, the trends have not shown a meaningful drop. By 2021, the CHR tallied a total number of 195 EJK cases; this included 214 victims, 12 EDs, with 14 victims, and 35 cases of torture with 52 victims. 12

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