Chapter III Efforts and Activities of the National Institution for Human Rights in the Promotion and Protection of Human Rights(13) Preface: The role of the national human rights institution is actualized through their constitution or legislative mandates in the field of “promoting and protecting human rights”. This role is clearly manifested in “the Paris Principles” related to the status of national institutions the promotion and protection of human rights as a constitution for their activities and an effective and constructive element in promoting and protecting human rights within the state system. The role of these institutions in terms of “promotion” is evident by the dissemination of a culture of human rights through the various available means, including the holding of conferences, training courses, workshops, and lectures for the general public, or particular target groups, in addition to training in the field of human rights and the publication and printing of awareness raising publications of relevance to the activities of national institutions. The lack of knowledge of human rights principles across all sectors of society is cause for their violation, where the promotion of human rights concepts and instilling awareness of such contributes to safeguarding the entirety of those rights. As to the “protection” part of human rights, which is the other essential pillar of the role of national institutions in promoting these rights, it entails undertaking the process of receiving complaints and providing legal assistance, monitoring any matter that may prejudice the prescribed right to enjoy public rights and freedoms, where the monitoring constitutes a necessary means to ascertain the extent to which the state respects and honors its legal or international obligations related to human rights. Such protection also requires that the national institutions carry out field visits to places where human rights violations are likely to occur. Accordingly, this Chapter will address the role performed by the NIHR in the field of promoting and protecting human rights in two basic sections: the first section is allocated to showcase NIHR’s activities in the field of promoting human rights, while the second section is dedicated to present its efforts in the field of protecting those rights. (13) This chapter provides a detailed presentation of the achievements of the NIHR in the field of promoting and protecting human rights during 2019. Chapter I of this report includes a brief presentation of the NIHR’s achievements during the ten years (2009-2019), thus, some data and information may be repeated, which is an intended repetition according to the context of the chapter. Therefore, it is necessary to note. 65