how neoliberalism impacts Pacific peoples working in universities.40 However, research exploring gender pay gaps in Aotearoa New Zealand has not explored the intersectional pay gaps faced by Pacific women.41 regarding how neoliberalism impacts the Pacific Pay Gap and the workplace experiences of Pacific peoples. For example, in a study by McGregor et al. on the experiences of female engineers in seeking equal pay in Aotearoa New Zealand, the authors argue that the gender pay gap is connected to neoliberal laws and policies of individualised negotiation and bargaining.42 However, the authors did not have Pacific women engineers in their sample43 and were thus unable to explore the unique intersectional experiences of Pacific women engineers. A similar intersectional study by Pringle et al. drew on some of the same data as McGregor et al. but looked at gender pay equity for women in caring occupations as well as engineering in Aotearoa New Zealand.44 Here, the authors investigated the intersections of gender and class rather than any intersections with ethnicity, explaining they “gave a central place to class, partly because class is not a justiciable inequality in NZ, nor in similar jurisdictions”.45 Post-World War II, New Zealand faced a labour shortage that led to changes in New Zealand’s immigration policies.46 The New Zealand Government actively encouraged Pacific peoples in the Pacific Islands to migrate to Aotearoa New Zealand to fill the shortage,47 specifically low-paid jobs that many Pākehā New Zealanders did not want to do, including shift work, factory work, assembly line production, processing and cleaning.48 As a result, Pacific migrants came in large waves on temporary visas, resulting in the Pacific population growing from 3,600 in 1951 to over 50,000 in 1972.49 During this time, government enforcement against the overstaying of visas was relaxed.50 Therefore, there is an apparent need for further research to fill this critical gap in the literature 10 2.6 Pacific peoples and the Dawn Raids However, the economic recession of 1973 saw Pacific migrants being scapegoated by politicians and the media by being blamed for rising unemployment and unrest.51 Accordingly, the Labour Government suspended its relaxed approach to temporary visas, and a Police task force was commissioned to initiate 40 Naepi, Sereana. “Pacific Women’s Experiences Working in Universities in Aotearoa New Zealand.” Higher Education Research & Development 40, no. 1 (2021): 63-74; Kidman, Joanna, and Cherie Chu. “‘We’re not the Hottest Ethnicity’: Pacific Scholars and the Cultural Politics of New Zealand Universities.” Globalisation, Societies and Education 17 (2019): 489-499; Barber, Simon, and Sereana Naepi. “Sociology in a Crisis: Covid-19 and the Colonial Politics of Knowledge Production in Aotearoa New Zealand.” Journal of Sociology 56 (2020): 693-703. 41 McGregor, Judy, Sharyn Graham Davies, Lynne S. Giddings, and Judith Pringle. “Pursuing Equal Pay: The Perspectives of Female Engineers and Potential Policy Interventions.” Journal of Industrial Relations 59 (2017): 3-21; Pringle, Judith, Sharyn Davies, Lynne Giddings, and Judy McGregor. “Gender Pay Equity and Wellbeing: An Intersectional Study of Engineering and Caring Occupations.” New Zealand Journal of Employment Relations 42, no. 3 (2017): 29-45; Graham Davies, Sharyn, Judy McGregor, Judith Pringle, and Lynne Giddings. “Rationalizing Pay Inequity: Women Engineers, Pervasive Patriarchy and the Neoliberal Chimera.” Journal of Gender Studies 27, no. 6 (2018): 623-636; Douglas, Julie, and Katherine Ravenswood. “‘We Can’t Afford Pay Equity’: Examining Pay Equity and Equal Pay Policy in a Neoliberal Environment.” New Zealand Sociology 34 (2019): 175-199; Parker, Jane, and Noelle Donnelly. “The Revival and Refashioning of Gender Pay Equity in New Zealand.” Journal of Industrial Relations 62 (2020): 560-581. 42 McGregor et al., “Pursuing Equal Pay,” 15-16. 43 McGregor et al., “Pursuing Equal Pay,” 9. 44 Pringle et al., “Gender Pay Equity and Wellbeing”. 45 Pringle et al., “Gender Pay Equity and Wellbeing,” 32. 46 Bedford, Richard. “Skilled Migration in and out of New Zealand: Immigrants, Workers, Students and Emigrants.” In Evaluation of the General Skilled Migration Categories Report, edited by Bob Birrell, Lesleyanne Hawthorne, and Sue Richardson, 221-225. Canberra: Commonwealth of Australia, 2006. https://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/ download?doi=10.1.1.476.8583&rep=rep1&type=pdf. 47 Fraenkel, Jon. Pacific Islands and New Zealand – Immigration and Aid. Te Ara – the Encyclopedia of New Zealand. https://teara. govt.nz/mi/pacific-islands-and-new-zealand/print. 48 Lay, Graeme. Pacific New Zealand. Auckland: David Ling Publishing, 1996, 13. 49 Gibson, Katherine. “Political Economy and International Labour Migration: The Case of Polynesians in New Zealand.” New Zealand Geographer, 9 (1983): 31. 50 Ministry for Pacific Peoples. Dawn Raids Apology. https://www.mpp.govt.nz/about-us/dawn-raids-apology/. 51 Anae, Melani. “All Power to the People: Overstayers, Dawn Raids and the Polynesian Panthers.” In Tangata o Le Moana: New Zealand and the People of the Pacific, edited by Sean Mallon, Kolokesa Mahina-Tuai, and Damon Salesa. Wellington: Te Papa Press, 2012, 223.