37 (c) ceases to have the right to be a registered voter in an election to Parliament; (d) ceases to have the right to be nominated as a candidate for election to Parliament under section 56; (e) is an undischarged bankrupt; (f) is absent from 2 consecutive meetings of Parliament without having obtained the permission of the Speaker; (g) resigns from the political party for which he or she was a candidate at the time he or she was elected to Parliament; (h) votes or abstains from voting in Parliament contrary to any direction issued by the political party for which he or she was a candidate at the time he or she was elected to Parliament, without obtaining the prior permission of the political party; or (i) is expelled from the political party for which he or she was a candidate at the time he or she was elected to Parliament and— (i) the expulsion was in accordance with the rules of the political party relating to party discipline; and (ii) the expulsion did not relate to any action taken by the member in his or her capacity as a member of a committee of Parliament. (2) For the purposes of subsection (1)(g), the seat of the member of Parliament becomes vacant only upon receipt by the Speaker of a written notification signed by the leader and the secretary of the political party notifying the Speaker that the member has resigned from the political party. (3) For the purposes of subsection (1)(h), the seat of the member of Parliament becomes vacant only upon receipt by the Speaker of a written notification signed by the leader and the secretary of the political party notifying the Speaker that the member has voted or abstained from voting in Parliament contrary to any direction issued by the political party, without obtaining the prior permission of the political party. (4) For the purposes of subsection (1)(i), the seat of the member of Parliament becomes vacant only upon receipt by the Speaker of a written notification signed by the leader and the secretary of the political party notifying the Speaker that the member has been expelled from the political party. (5) If a member of Parliament whose seat becomes vacant under subsection (1) seeks to question or challenge the validity of his or her seat in Parliament becoming vacant, the member must, within 7 days of the member’s seat becoming vacant, by way of a proceeding, make an application to the Court of Disputed Returns for a declaration on whether the seat of the member has become vacant.