A five-step policy cycle
In this section, we provide support for policy
makers who wish to integrate human rights and te
Tiriti o Waitangi into their housing policies.
In 2021, the Commission published Aratohu
Tika Tangata ki te Whai Whare Rawaka i Aotearoa:
Framework Guidelines on the Right to a Decent Home
in Aotearoa.17 The Guidelines are designed for a
wide range of different audiences. This chapter is
designed for housing policy makers. We provide
a five-step policy cycle, checklist of questions, and
short commentaries in support.
The housing sector is exceedingly complex. It
encompasses land use and planning, construction,
monetary and fiscal policy, housing needs and
support, Māori housing, Pacific housing, and much
more. There is not one housing policy process
but numerous multidisciplinary housing policy
processes.
While human rights lawyers have a role to play in
these processes, they rarely have the expertise to
know what a good housing policy looks like and
how to operationalise the right to a decent home
grounded on te Tiriti o Waitangi. The effective
introduction of human rights in the housing sector
can only be achieved by collaboration across a
range of professions, including housing experts
and practitioners, and communities.
16
Human Rights Commission
Nobody expects housing policy makers to become
human rights experts, but policy makers in the
housing sector may benefit from familiarity with
the right to a decent home. They need to have a
sense of how to introduce the right to a decent
home into policy processes. This chapter is
designed to support these housing policy makers.
While preparing this chapter, we have considered
other policy guidance, for example, Providing for
the Treaty of Waitangi in Legislation and Supporting
Policy Design: Questions for Policy Makers.18 We
have benefited from these precedents, discussion
with policy experts, and insights arising from our
Housing Inquiry.
There are different ways of presenting the policymaking process. A well-established approach is to
view it as a cyclical process with five stages of:
•
agenda setting
•
policy formulation
•
decision making
•
implementation
•
monitoring and evaluation.
Policy makers then need to circle back and revisit
the process in light of new data, evidence, and
lessons learned. For present purposes, we adopt
this five-step policy cycle and identify key human
rights questions policy makers can ask at each step
of the cycle.