093
Appendix
Significance tests
Presented below are the estimated differences between surveys for each scale, based on a linear mixed
effects model with a random intercept for respondent and predictor for post-workshop scores and
follow-up scores. These results do not control for other variables.
Table 3. Estimated differences between surveys
Average scores
Pre- vs Post-workshop difference (SE)
p-value
Post-workshop vs Follow-up
difference (SE)
p-value
AAS
AAS overall
Benevolent ageism subscale
Hostile ageism subscale
-0.481 (0.05)
-0.00659 (0.06)
p < .001
p = .906
-0.624 (0.05)
-0.015 (0.06)
p < .001
p = .806
-0.156 (0.10)
0.0346 (0.12)
p = .12
p = .767
FSA
FSA overall
Antilocution subscale
Discrimination subscale
Avoidance subscale
-2.83 (0.47)
1.06 (0.53)
p < .001
p = .044
-1.17 (0.24)
0.576 (0.27)
p < .001
p = .034
-0.804 (0.17)
0.291 (0.2)
p < .001
p = .146
-0.802 (0.21)
0.237 (0.24)
p < .001
p = .994
ERA-12
ERA-12 overall
Physical health subscale
Mental health subscale
Cognitive function subscale
8.29 (0.96)
0.533 (1.1)
p < .001
p = .627
6.86 (1.22)
0.049 (1.4)
p < .001
p = .972
7.53 (1.18)
0.372 (1.36)
p < .001
p = .784
10.5 (1.48)
0.906 (1.7)
p < .001
p = .594
/ Demonstrates the figure is significantly higher/lower than the previous survey. These results do not account for other factors.