Key NHRCK Activities Petitions In general, investigations of cases of human rights violations and discrimination are initiated based on petitions filed, which can be directly filed by victims or indirectly filed by third persons (persons or organizations) that are aware of harm done. To guarantee people who are held in detention facilities their right to petition, as they have difficulty filing a petition by phone or in person, the Commission offers face-to-face petition services to receive petitions from this group of people through on-site visits. Once a petition is filed, the Commission undertakes investigation and makes recommendations to the petitionee or organization that has oversight on the petitionee to prevent the recurrence of similar incidents. It can also take remedial actions if it was found that there was human rights investigation under the NHRCK Act, petitions that are found unrelated to a human rights violation Part 2 violation or discrimination. The Commission dismisses petitions that do not meet the criteria for an or discrimination, petitions in which such correlation is difficult to substantiate, or petitions in Key NHRCK Activities which harm was undone and no remedial actions are deemed necessary. Emergency Remedies In the event that a petition meets the criteria for investigation by the Commission, it is highly likely that human rights violation or discrimination is ongoing, and there is a likely risk of irreversible harm, emergency remedial actions can be taken based on the NHRCK Act. In 2020, the Commission had 20 more cases referred for emergency remedies compared to the previous year, owing to prompt emergency decisions. Thanks to the efforts to resolve issues through active preliminary investigations on the ground, the Commission was able to resolve 11 cases filed for emergency remedies without referring them for a remedial decision. The key cases that resulted in an emergency remedy include a soldier who was referred to the Discharge Deliberation Committee for undergoing a transgender surgery while in active duty, the ineligibility of persons with disabilities who are 65 years or older to get home care assistance services, the prohibition of entering food into a re-development site, and an inmate who was forced to withdraw his petition and make a false statement for an official document. 75