Chapter 3 Investigations and Remedies: Civil Rights Violations Section 1. Overview Pursuant to Article 19(2) of the National Human Rights Commission Act, the Commission conducts investigations into complaints of discriminatory acts and seeks remedies for victims. In accordance with Article 30 (1)1 of the Act, the Commission may launch investigations into complaints of violation of equal rights by state organizations, local governments, or correctional/institutional care facilities as well as violations of civil rights guaranteed in the Constitution. Also, by power granted by Article 30 (3) of the Act, the Commission may initiate investigation even in the absence of formal filing of a complaint when it deems that there exist reasonable grounds for believing that discriminatory acts have taken place and that such violations are serious. As provided in Article 48 with regard to urgent remedy measures, in the case when there is high probability in which a civil rights violation or any discriminatory act subject to investigation is in progress and that it is likely to cause irrecoverable damage if left as violated, the Commission may recommend the respondent or the head of the institution, etc. to which he/she belongs to take an ex officio measure that falls under any of the following subparagraphs at the request of the complainant or victim prior to making a decision on the complaint: i) provision of medical service, meals, or clothing; ii) compliance with on-site inspection and assessment of any relevant place, facility, or materials or the verification and evaluation thereof which is conducted by any other organization; iii) change of place of detention or accommodation of detainees; iv) stoppage of civil rights violations or any discriminatory act; v) displacement of any public official who is deemed to violate civil Chapter 3. Investigations and Remedies: Civil Rights Violations 75