System (NEIS), the Korea Information System of Criminal-justice Services (KICS), and the Health and Medical Information System and questioned and interviewed government entities to learn about the latest practices of data management. The research found that Korea is now in the process of integrating diverse principles on data management into systems and that it needed to enhance integration and consistency of regulations and propose specific rules and internal control measures, given provisions on inclusive exceptions, duplication of laws, and declaratory provisions. In addition, an analysis on conflicts arising in comprehensive data management of the government showed that they were created as the government focused only on technological features, leading to insufficient attention on legal and institutional aspects. It was also found that the government’s active data management ranging from creation of new data value and involvement of the public to provision of tailored service was ineffective. Data management enabled only a low level of public participation and local governments were more ineffective in data management than the central government. Based on the research, the Commission identified some implications on data management governance design for protection of right to privacy including: i) it is desirable to pay primary attention to organized structuring of relevant parties, considering that a legal system for privacy may end up including redundancy in regulations and responsible authorities; ii) when operating an organization in charge of privacy issues, the government needs to overcome lack of awareness of the rights of individuals and consider the public the primary party; and iii) with regard to awareness of right to privacy, governmental organizations and their members who are entrusted with the task of managing private information of the people need to reinvent their perception of privacy rights. The survey examines data management process of government authorities from both perspectives of management and human rights and is expected to lay the groundwork for the government on human rights-based data management by setting up a specific framework reflecting a fresh approach of ‘human rights-oriented management’ in its data Chapter 1. Improvement of Laws, Regulations, Policies and Practices 63