216 Chasing the Wind: Assessing Philippine Democracy, Second Edition Laws regulating print media Among the laws regulating print media, there are two in particular that can be used by the government to exercise control over newspapers. Registration of publishers Republic Act 8047, an Act Providing for the Development of the Book Publishing Industry Through the Formulation and Implementation of a National Book Policy and a National Book Development Plan, enacted on 5 June 1995, declares it a State policy to promote the development of the book publishing industry to ensure a supply of affordable books for both the domestic and the export market. Section 6 of the Act requires the registration with the National Book Development Board, created by the Act, of all persons and entities involved in book publishing. Section 10 empowers the Department of Education to consult the Board in the making of the rules and regulations needed in the preparation of books required by the country's public elementary and high schools. Campus Journalism In 1991, Congress passed the Campus Journalism Act (RA 7079), which recognized the vital role played by the campus (university and college) press in the anti-dictatorship resistance, and granted student journalists substantial freedom. This law limits school administrations to selecting publication advisers from a list provided by the newspaper staff. The adviser—a post abolished in 1964 at the University of the Philippines—is limited to providing technical guidance and is completely denied any censorship role. Staff members also have security of tenure and may not be expelled from the school solely on the basis of the paper's performance. Although the Act appears to be limited in applicability to a narrow, nonprofessional sector of the print media, its signicance can be best appreciated in the context of the role school newspapers played during the martial-law period. Most Philippine universities and colleges, whether government-owned or private, publish student newspapers. During the martial-law regime (19721986) a number of these newspapers, for example the University of the Philippines' Philippine Collegian, were at the forefront of that resistance. The Collegian was widely read even outside the University, but a succession of its editors was arrested and indenitely conned in the Marcos regime's detention centers. Laws regulating broadcasting Limited protection In 1985 the Supreme Court declared, in a decision on the Eastern Broadcast Corporation v. Dans case, that “the freedom of television and broadcasting is