28 Most of the participants of the consultations are cisgender males who are also at least 50 years old and over, but of the younger participants aged 35 and below, all of them are cisgender females. This highlights the additional burden for women in fishing communities. Besides shouldering the responsibility of their family’s daily subsistence needs166 and unpaid care work, they now have to also assume the work of their aging husbands or fathers, as their male counterparts are no longer interested in working for an industry with depleting income and decreasing opportunity. The participants were also asked if there were municipal or city ordinances, besides allowing commercial fishers, that affected their access to municipal waters, and whether they were consulted in crafting these ordinances. Enumerated during the consultations were: • Ordinances across Manila Bay have permitted quarrying in areas covering at least 10,000 hectares.167 Identified areas include Limay, Bataan (6,000 hectares), Naic and Ternate, Cavite (3,000 hectares), and Tayabas Bay. The participants said that there are speculations that there will be ordinances that will disallow fishing in these places; 168 • Ordinances that have permitted reclamation in Parañaque (from Baclaran, Dongalo, Tambo, San Dionisio, up to the boundary of Muntinlupa).169 The participants say they were requesting for permits/ordinance to legalize the setting up of “tahungan” or “saprahan”170 but until now, they claimed that there is continued demolition of their structures to give way to reclamation in the area; • An ordinance in Bulakan, Bulacan that permits the construction of the Bulacan Airport Project by San Miguel Corporation.171 According to the participant, only a few small barangays were consulted concerning the project, but affected municipalities like Obando, Hagonoy, and other parts of Bulakan, were not consulted before the construction; and • In Siay, Zamboanga Sibugay, an ordinance delineated municipal waters into different zonal areas, but the communities affected were not consulted in the process. 172 An example was an area dedicated as an eco-tourism zone which meant fishing in the area was not allowed. The affected community could not benefit from the eco-tourism zone. Often, fisherfolk lose not only fishing areas, but also fishery settlements as they are asked to relocate away from the delineated zones. The Dolomite Beach in Roxas Boulevard, Manila, was also mentioned as it is deemed an ecotourism zone; thus, fishing is prohibited.173 Under the Fisheries Code, artisanal fisherfolk are supposed to be represented in all levels of the FARMC,174 though most heavily in the Municipal FARMC (M/FARMC). Section 75 of the Fisheries Code mandates that the Council have at least 11 representatives from the fisherfolk sector, with seven (7) coming from municipal fisherfolk, one (1) fish worker, and three (3) commercial fishers, which include representatives from the youth and women sector. 175 But participants averred that representation in the FARMC is still a challenge because there have been varying levels of implementation per municipality, with areas like Sarangani Bay who reported that they have no representatives in the Council. 176 The 166 “Promoting gender equality and women’s empowerment in fisheries and aquaculture” from the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, available from www.fao.org/3/i6623e/i6623e.pdf (last viewed 11/21/2021) 167 Consultations with Fisherfolks, supra note 148 168 Ibid. 169 Consultations with Fisherfolks, supra note 148 170 Tahong is the local term for Mussels. Saprahan is a fish pen in the sea. 171 Consultations with Fisherfolks, supra note 148 172 Ibid. 173 Ibid 174 National, Municipal, and Integrated FARMC 175 Sec. 75 of the Fisheries Code, supra note 8 176 Consultations with Fisherfolks, supra note 148