1 Government of Canada, Building a Foundation for Change: Canada’s Anti-Racism Strategy 2019–2022 (Report, 2019) 19 <https://www.canada.ca/content/dam/pch/documents/campaigns/anti-racismengagement/ARS-Report-EN-2019-2022.pdf>. 2 Canadian Race Relations Foundation Act, SC 1991, c 8, s 4(a). 3 Stats NZ, Integrated Data Infrastructure (Web Page, updated 23 August 2022) <https://www.stats.govt.nz/integrated-data/integrated-data-infrastructure/>. See also Jehonathan Ben et al, Identifying and filling racism data gaps in Victoria: A stocktake review (Report, Centre for Resilient and Inclusive Societies, June 2022) <https://static1.squarespace.com/static/5d48cb4d61091100011eded9/t/62b14a146c39cf263f66c4d6/1 655786012856/Identifying+and+filling+racism+data+gaps+in+Victoria+A+stocktake+review+final.pdf>. 4 Intergovernmental Agreement on Data Sharing (9 July 2021) <https://federation.gov.au/sites/default/files/about/agreements/iga-on-data-sharing-signed.pdf>. See also Jehonathan Ben et al, ‘Racism in Australia: filling data gaps’ (2021) 1(1) CRIS Issue Papers 1, 1–10. 5 Family Matters, The Family Matters Report 2020: Measuring Trends to Turn the Tide on the OverRepresentation of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Children in Out-Of-Home Care in Australia (Report, 16 November 2020) 110. 6 Fiona Allison, ‘A Limited Right To Equality: Evaluating the Effectiveness of Racial Discrimination Law For Indigenous Australians Through An Access To Justice Lens’ (2013) 17(2) Australian Indigenous Law Review 3, 9 <https://www.jcu.edu.au/__data/assets/pdf_file/0011/119999/jcu_144196.pdf>. 7 Closing the Gap has identified the under collection of data in relation to First Nations communities and people from refugee and migrant backgrounds. 8 Jehonathan Ben et al, ‘Racism in Australia: filling data gaps’ (2021) 1(1) CRIS Issue Papers 1, 2. 9 Complaints-handling agencies that do provide this information include the Commission, the NSW AntiDiscrimination Board, and the Equal Opportunity Commissions. As Fiona Allison points out, this is ‘despite the fact that some jurisdictions have strategic frameworks in place requiring reporting of numbers of Indigenous complaints.’ See Fiona Allison, ‘A limited right to equality: evaluating the effectiveness of racial discrimination law for Indigenous Australians through an access to justice lens’ (2013) 17(2) Australian Indigenous Law Review 3, 9. 10 Tamar Hopkins, Monitoring Racial Profiling: Introducing a scheme to prevent unlawful stops and searches by Victoria Police (Report, Police Stop Data Working Group, Flemington & Kensington Community Legal Centre, August 2017) 6–7 <https://www.policeaccountability.org.au/wpcontent/uploads/2017/08/monitoringRP_report_softcopy_FINAL_22082017.pdf>. 11 Angeline Ferdinand, Margaret Kelaher and Yin Paradies, Mental health impacts of racial discrimination in Victorian culturally and linguistically diverse communities (Full Report, Victorian Health Promotion Foundation, 2013) 10 <https://rest.neptuneprod.its.unimelb.edu.au/server/api/core/bitstreams/3accc47e-da77-56c7-8ff2-dd213cd81f3f/content>. 12 Federation of Ethnic Communities’ Councils of Australia, If We Don’t Count It…It Doesn’t Count! Towards a Consistent National Data Collection and Reporting on Cultural, Ethnic and Linguistic Diversity (Issues Paper, September 2020) 5–6 <https://fecca.org.au/wp-content/uploads/2020/10/CALD-DATA-ISSUES-PAPERFINAL2.pdf>. 13 Government Digital Service (UK), Ethnicity facts and figures (Web Page) <https://www.ethnicity-factsfigures.service.gov.uk>. 14 Jehonathan Ben et al, ‘Identifying and filling racism data gaps in Victoria: A stocktake review’ (Report, Centre for Resilient and Inclusive Societies, June 2022) 31 <https://static1.squarespace.com/static/5d48cb4d61091100011eded9/t/62b14a146c39cf263f66c4d6/1 655786012856/Identifying+and+filling+racism+data+gaps+in+Victoria+A+stocktake+review+final.pdf>. National Anti-Racism Framework Scoping Report 2022 | 98