(c) Acceptability - the form and substance of education, including curricula and teaching methods, have to be acceptable (e.g. relevant, culturally appropriate and of good quality) to students and, in appropriate cases, parents. (d) Adaptability - education has to be flexible so it can adapt to the needs of changing societies and communities and respond to the needs of students within their diverse social and cultural settings. 2.4 Provision in other International Instruments Apart from these basic tenets of education, other human rights instruments 24 have added new dimensions and value to the definition of education, which has contributed to the development of the idea at a universal and humane level. The value added by these instruments is that whereas the UDHR and the ICESCR have focused on RTE in general, these instruments have own social target group and thus define the RTE from specilised perspective, emphasising the special components of the RTE according to the special needs of the groups. 2.4.1 The Convention agai against gainst Discrimination in Education (CADE)25 The CADE in its articles addresses some specific issues important for effective realization of the RTE in respect of special groups of people. CADE in Article 5 clause (c) contains specific provisions relating to rights of members of national minorities.26 In respect of people who were deprived of primary education CADE talks about providing ‘basic education’, a concept comparable to ‘fundamental education’ mentioned in the ICESCR art.13(d). The main distinguishing attribute of the CADE is the definition of discrimination in educational aspects: the CADE says that in case of education discrimination has a very wide connotation including the internationally recognised prohibited grounds, and has special focus on the following particular aspects: (a) depriving any person or group of persons of access to education of any type or 24 For a brief list of the instruments, please visit: http://www.unescobkk.org/education/right-to-education/rights-basedapproach-to-education/right-to-education-in-international-instruments/ Adopted 14 December 1960, entered into force 22 May 1962 It is essential to recognize the right of members of national minorities to carry on their own educational activities, including the maintenance of schools and, depending on the educational policy of each State, the use or the teaching of their own language, provided however: That this right is not exercised in a manner which prevents the members of these minorities from understanding the culture and language of the community as a whole and from participating in its activities, or which prejudices national sovereignty; (ii) That the standard of education is not lower than the general standard laid down or approved by the competent authorities; and (iii) That attendance at such schools is optional. 25 26 Page | 17