/fli^«o dfgj clwsf/ cfof]u
jflif{s k|ltj]bg 2061÷62
clwsf/sf] kIfdf sfo{ ubf{ slxn]sfxL dfgj clwsf/ /Ifssf] hLjg dfly vt/f cfOkg]{ s'/fnfO{ ;d]t
dWogh/ u/L cfof]un] dfgj clwsf/ /Ifssf] cj:yfsf] af/]df cg'udg ub}{ cfO/x]sf] 5 .
cfof]un] u/]sf] cg'udg, e]63f6 tyf 5nkmnaf6 k|fKt tYo cg';f/ dfgj clwsf/ /IfsnfO{
/fHokIfn] sltko cj:yfdf lu/km\tf/L, oftgf tyf b'Jo{jxf/ ug]{, y'g'jf s]Gb|df hfg /f]s nufpg],
:yfgxbaGbL ug]{, ;"rgf ;Íng tyf k|sfzgdf /f]s nufPsf] kfOG5 eg] dfcf]jfbL kIfn] ;d]t xTof,
ckx/0f, s'6kL6, oftgf tyf wDsL nufot cfly{s h/Ljfgf, ;"rgf ;Íng ug{ glbg] k||sfzg tyf
cfjfudgdf /f]s nufPsf] tYox¿ k|fKt ePsf 5g\ . o;/L k|fKt tYox¿sf cfwf/df dfgj clwsf/
/Ifssf]] ;+/If0fsf lgldQ cfof]un] >L % sf] ;/sf/ / ;Dj4 kIfx¿nfO{ l;kmfl/; tyf cfJxfg ub}{
cfO/x]sf] 5 . ljz]ifu/L ;+s6sfnsf] cjlwdf dfgj clwsf/sf] If]qdf sfo{/t ;+3 ;+:yfx¿sf]
sfof{no tyf ljleGg ;~rf/ sfof{no kl/;/df xltof/ ;lxtsf ;'/IffsdL{af6 lgu/fgL /fVg] u/]sf]
tYo cfof]usf] cg'udgaf6 k|fKt x'g cfPsf] lyof] . ;+s6sfnsf] cj:yfdf cfof]usf] cg'udaf6
dfgjclwsf/sdL{, kqsf/, k|fWofks, lzIfs tyf sfg'g Jofj;foLx¿nfO{ kqmfp u/L nfdf] ;do;Dd
y'gfdf /flvPsf] kfOPsf] lyof] . ;+s6sfnsf] cjlwdf ;/sf/n] sltko dfgj clwsf/ /Ifsx¿nfO{
lagf ;"rgf :yfgxbdf /fvL :jtGqtfk"j{s cfjthfjt ug{ cj/f]w >[hgf u/]sf] lyof] .
cfof]un] dfgjclwsf/sdL{x¿sf] ;'/IffnfO{ b[li6ut u/L ;+s6sfnsf] cf/De ePb]lv g} dfgj
clwsf/jfbL ;+3 ;+:yfsf] sfof{nox¿sf] e|d0f tyf dfgj clwsf/ /Ifsx¿;Fu ;+o'Qm a}7sx¿sf]
cfof]hgf u/]sf] lyof] . ljleGg sfo{qmdx¿df efu lng hfgnfu]sf dfgj clwsf/jfbLx¿
ljdfg:ynaf6} lu/km\tf/ ul/Psf, ;of} JolQmx¿nfO{ lagf ;"rgf :yfgxbdf /flvPsf] ;DaGwdf ;d]t
cfof]un] >L % sf] ;/sf/sf] Wofgfsif{0f u/fPsf] lyof] . o;}u/L u}/ /fHo kIfn] kqsf/nfO{ xTof u/]sf]
ljifodf ;d]t 5fglag u/L xTofk|lt v]b k|s6 ub}{ g]=s=kf dfcf]jfbLx¿4f/f ckx/0f ul/Psf
kqsf/x?nfO{ ;–;Ddfg d'lQmsf] nflu k|]; lj1lKtx¿ hf/L ul/Psf] lyof] .
-u_ ;+s6sfndf dfgj clwsf/sf] cg'udg
d'n'sdf @)^! df3 !( ut]b]lv 3f]if0ff ePsf] ;+s6sfn @)^@ a}zfv !^ ut] ;Dd sfod /x]sf] lyof] .
;+s6sfnsf] cj:yfdf dfgj clwsf/sf] ;+/If0f / ;Dj4{gsf] sfo{ cem} r'g}fltk"0f{ /x]sf] ePtfklg
cfof]un] ;+s6sfnsf] ;'?jft;Fu} JolQmx¿sf] :jtGqtf / ;'/Iffsf] clwsf/ a9L k|efljt x'g] dxz';
u/L ;+s6sfn nfu]sf] lbg b]lv g} ;Lldt >f]t / ;fwgsf jfjh'b klg b]zsf ljleÌ efudf /x]sf
y'g'jf s]Gb|x¿sf] lg/LIf0f sfo{nfO{ tLj| agfPsf] lyof] .
;+s6sfnsf] cjlwdf cfof]usf] &) j6f 6f]nLn] d'n'ssf ljleGg lhNnfdf uO{ ;du| dfgj clwsf/sf]
l:yltaf/] cg'udg u/L dfgj clwsf/sf pNn+3g / HofbtLsf] 36gfsf] tYo ;+sng u/]sf] lyof] . o;
cjlwdf cfof]un] zfxL g]kfnL ;]gf cGtu{tsf ( j6f Jof/]s tyf !)$ k6s y'g'jf s]Gb|x¿sf] lg/LIf0f
u/L ToxfF k|fKt tYox¿sf] cfwf/df y'g'jf aGbLx¿sf clwsf/ pknAw u/fpg >L % sf] ;/sf/nfO{
ljleÌ ldltdf l;kmfl/; u/]sf] lyof] .
;+s6sfnsf] cjlwdf cfof]un] u/]sf] dfgj clwsf/sf] cj:yfsf] cg'udgaf6 ;/sf/n] lgnDagdf
k/]sf / gk/]sf b'j} clwsf/x¿sf] pn+3g u/]sf] kfO{Psf] lyof] eg] g]=s=kf= -dfcf]jfbL_ af6 ;d]t
HofbtL ePsf] kfOPsf] lyof] . ;+s6sfnLg cjlwdf /fhg}lts bnsf lqmofsnfkx¿ a9L dfqfdf
k|efljt ePsf lyP . b]zdf ;+s6sfnsf] cj:yfsf] 3f]if0ff x'g] ljlQs} /fhg}lts bnsf k|d'v
g]tfx¿nfO{ lgjf;d} gh/aGbdf /flvof] eg] /fhgLlts kf6L{sf cGo g]tf tyf sfo{stf{x¿nfO{ lu/km\tf/
u/L gh/aGbdf /flVfof] . k|d'v /fhg}lts bnsf sfof{nodf ;'/IffsdL{ t}gfy ug]{, lgu/fgL /fVg] sfo{
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