For older women, the delay in the resolution of cases has even more impact on their mental health and well-being. In CIW there are women who have been detained for seventeen years. Some expressed fear of dying while in detention. One of them shared that she feels fear while in detention: “Ayokong dito mamatay, doon ako takot (I don’t want to die here, that’s what I am afraid of).” There are also challenges for inmates with specific mental health needs, such as limited access to mental health professionals. One participant shared her concern regarding the seriousness of a fellow inmate’s mental condition: “Dapat ginawa ng Court ay hindi na idinaan dito. Dapat iderecho na sa mental hospital (The Court should not have brought her here; she should have been brought straight to the mental hospital).” In some instances, facilities assign another inmate to be the ‘buddy’ for the woman deprived of liberty with mental/intellectual disabilities. Analysis and Conclusion The results of the FGDs conducted with women deprived of liberty highlight more than ever the need to ensure compliance with the Mandela and Bangkok Rules and the Philippines’ commitments under the Convention Against Torture and its optional protocols. Philippine prison facilities and systems remain to be designed and continue to respond to male prisoners’ needs. Women’s unique needs in terms of health and sanitation as well as their socially ascribed roles as primary caregivers are disregarded, if not invisible. Women and those of diverse gender identities are also more vulnerable to violence, especially during admission and all throughout their detention. To address these gaps, both women’s practical and strategic needs have to be fulfilled and detention facilities should mainstream the Mandela and Bangkok Rules in their facilities, policies, and programs. While the Mandela Rules set out the minimum standards that the state should follow in the treatment of persons deprived of liberty, the Bangkok Rules respond to and focus on the gender gap and gender blindness of detention spaces, programs, and policies. It seeks to ensure that the rights of women deprived of liberty are protected. It also explicitly addresses the different needs of women and the different situations they come from. It is also the first international instrument to address the needs of children in prison with their parent. 33

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