Australian Human Rights Commission Submission to the UN Committee On The Elimination Of Racial Discrimination, 30 October 2017 119. The Commission has made a submission in relation to this Bill, arguing that the measures are not proportionate to the benefits sought by the Bill because their purpose could be achieved through other, less restrictive means.138 As designed, these programs are not opt-in schemes, are insufficiently tailored to individual circumstances and disproportionately impact upon Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander peoples’ human rights.139 Recommendation 29: That the Australian Government ensure that current models of income management schemes be discontinued or redesigned on a voluntary, opt-in basis with appropriate oversight of decision making and monitoring. 6 Migrants, ethnic minorities and culturally and linguistically diverse (CALD) peoples General 120. Racial discrimination continues to affect migrants and Australia-born people of many cultural backgrounds. Among migrants, higher levels of discrimination are reported by more recent arrivals, as well as by migrants from non-English speaking backgrounds.140 121. In respect of young people, a Foundation of Young Australians report found that over 80% of ‘non-Anglo Australian’ background children indicated they had been subjected to some form of racism.141 122. Migrant communities report to the Commission the damaging social and civic effects of racism. In addition to the harm it can inflict on a person’s wellbeing and sense of freedom, it can also undermine a sense of belonging to the community and feed social disillusionment.142 123. Australia has a civil prohibition of racial hatred under the RDA.143 It also criminalises the urging of violence against a person or group when the targeted group is ‘distinguished by race, religion, nationality, national or ethnic origin or political opinion’.144 States and territories also criminalise serious racial vilification, including the incitement of racial hatred. Muslim Australians (CERD article 2; CO 23) 124. The Commission is concerned at the high prevalence of negative attitudes towards Muslim Australians, as reported in the Scanlon Survey. Of particular concern is the finding from the 2016 survey that strong negative views towards Muslims increased from 11% to 14%.145 The Special Rapporteur on racial discrimination noted that anti-Muslim hate speech has been on the increase in recent years, especially on social media platforms.146 125. A study commissioned by the Challenging Racism Project of Western Sydney University and the Islamic Sciences and Research Academy found ‘high experiences’ of racism by Muslims. A majority (57%) of respondents had 25